JAVA操作XML文档主要有四种方式，分别是DOM、SAX、JDOM和DOM4J，DOM和SAX是官方提供的，而JDOM和DOM4J则是引用第三方库的，其中用的最多的是DOM4J方式。运行效率和内存使用方面最优的是SAX，但是由于SAX是基于事件的方式，所以SAX无法在编写XML的过程中对已编写内容进行修改，但对于不用进行频繁修改的需求，还是应该选择使用SAX。
现在来生成这样的一份XML文档，文档内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<bookList>
<book id="one">
<name>one book</name>
<year>2017</year>
<author>tom</author>
</book>
<book id="two">
<name>two book</name>
<year>2018</year>
<author>jim</author>
</book>
</bookList>
第一，使用DOM的方式生成。
1 package xmls;
2 import org.w3c.dom.Document;
3 import org.w3c.dom.Element;
4 import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
5 import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
6 import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
7 import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
8 import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
9 import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
10 import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
11 import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
12 import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
13 import java.io.File;
14 /**
15 * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-3.
16 */
17 public class DOMDemo {
18 public static void main(String[] args){
19 DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
20 try {
21 DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
22 //创建文档
23 Document document = db.newDocument();
24 //设置Standalone为no
25 document.setXmlStandalone(true);
26 //生成根节点
27 Element bookList = document.createElement("bookList");
28 //生成第一本书
29 Element bookOne = document.createElement("book");
30 bookOne.setAttribute("id", "one");
31 //生成第一本书的名字
32 Element nameOne = document.createElement("name");
33 nameOne.setTextContent("one book");
34 bookOne.appendChild(nameOne);
35 //生成第一本书的年份
36 Element yearOne = document.createElement("year");
37 yearOne.setTextContent("2017");
38 bookOne.appendChild(yearOne);
39 //生成第一本书的作者
40 Element authorOne = document.createElement("author");
41 authorOne.setTextContent("tom");
42 bookOne.appendChild(authorOne);
43 //生成第二本书
44 Element bookTwo = document.createElement("book");
45 bookTwo.setAttribute("id", "two");
46 //生成第二本书的名字
47 Element nameTwo = document.createElement("name");
48 nameTwo.setTextContent("two book");
49 bookTwo.appendChild(nameTwo);
50 //生成第二本书的年份
51 Element yearTwo = document.createElement("year");
52 yearTwo.setTextContent("2016");
53 bookTwo.appendChild(yearTwo);
54 //生成第二本书的作者
55 Element authorTwo = document.createElement("author");
56 authorTwo.setTextContent("jim");
57 bookTwo.appendChild(authorTwo);
58 //将book节点添加到bookList节点中
59 bookList.appendChild(bookOne);
60 bookList.appendChild(bookTwo);
61 //将根节点添加到文档中
62 document.appendChild(bookList);
63 //DOM创建XML文档需要使用TransformerFactory创建实例对象
64 TransformerFactory tff = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
65 //创建Transformer对象
66 Transformer tf = tff.newTransformer();
67 //设置换行
68 tf.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
69 //调用Transformer对象的transform方法生成XML文档
70 tf.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new File("src\\xmls\\DOM.xml")));
71 }catch (ParserConfigurationException e){
72 e.printStackTrace();
73 }catch (TransformerException e){
74 e.printStackTrace();
75 }
76 }
77 }
第二，使用SAX的方式生成。
1 package xmls;
2 import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
3 import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;
4 import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
5 import javax.xml.transform.Result;
6 import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
7 import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
8 import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;
9 import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler;
10 import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
11 import java.io.File;
12 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
13 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
14 import java.io.IOException;
15 /**
16 * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-3.
17 */
18 public class SAXDemo {
19 public static void main(String[] args){
20 SAXTransformerFactory tff = (SAXTransformerFactory) SAXTransformerFactory
21 .newInstance();
22 try {
23 TransformerHandler handler = tff.newTransformerHandler();
24 Transformer tr = handler.getTransformer();
25 tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
26 File f = new File("src/xmls/SAX.xml");
27 if (!f.exists()) {
28 f.createNewFile();
29 }
30 // 6.创建Result对象，并且使其与handler关联
31 Result result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(f));
32 handler.setResult(result);
33 // 7.利用handler对象进行xml文件内容的编写O
34 // 打开document
35 handler.startDocument();
36 AttributesImpl attr = new AttributesImpl();
37 handler.startElement("", "", "bookList", attr);
38 attr.clear();
39 attr.addAttribute("", "", "id", "", "one");
40 handler.startElement("", "", "book", attr);
41 attr.clear();
42 handler.startElement("", "", "name", attr);
43 String title = "one book";
44 handler.characters( title.toCharArray(), 0, title.length() );
45 handler.endElement("", "", "name");
46 handler.startElement("", "", "year", attr);
47 String year = "2017";
48 handler.characters(year.toCharArray(), 0, year.length());
49 handler.endElement("", "", "year");
50 handler.startElement("", "", "author", attr);
51 String author = "tom";
52 handler.characters(author.toCharArray(), 0, author.length());
53 handler.endElement("", "", "author");
54 handler.endElement("", "", "book");
55 attr.clear();
56 attr.addAttribute("", "", "id", "", "two");
57 handler.startElement("", "", "book", attr);
58 attr.clear();
59 handler.startElement("", "", "name", attr);
60 title = "two book";
61 handler.characters( title.toCharArray(), 0, title.length() );
62 handler.endElement("", "", "name");
63 handler.startElement("", "", "year", attr);
64 year = "2016";
65 handler.characters(year.toCharArray(), 0, year.length());
66 handler.endElement("", "", "year");
67 handler.startElement("", "", "author", attr);
68 author = "jim";
69 handler.characters(author.toCharArray(), 0, author.length());
70 handler.endElement("", "", "author");
71 handler.endElement("", "", "book");
72 handler.endElement("", "", "bookList");
73 // 关闭document
74 handler.endDocument();
75 }catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
76 e.printStackTrace();
77 } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
78 e.printStackTrace();
79 } catch (IOException e) {
80 e.printStackTrace();
81 } catch (SAXException e) {
82 e.printStackTrace();
83 }
84 }
85 }
第三，使用JDOM的方式。
1 package xmls;
2 import org.jdom2.Document;
3 import org.jdom2.Element;
4 import org.jdom2.output.Format;
5 import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;
6 import java.io.File;
7 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
8 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
9 import java.io.IOException;
10 /**
11 * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-3.
12 */
13 public class JDOMDemo {
14 public static void main(String[] args){
15 Element bookList = new Element("bookList");
16 Document document = new Document(bookList);
17 Element book = new Element("book");
18 book.setAttribute("id", "one");
19 Element name = new Element("name");
20 name.setText("one book");
21 book.addContent(name);
22 Element year = new Element("year");
23 year.setText("2017");
24 book.addContent(year);
25 Element author = new Element("author");
26 author.setText("tom");
27 book.addContent(author);
28 bookList.addContent(book);
29 book = new Element("book");
30 book.setAttribute("id", "two");
31 name = new Element("name");
32 name.setText("two book");
33 book.addContent(name);
34 year = new Element("year");
35 year.setText("2016");
36 book.addContent(year);
37 author = new Element("author");
38 author.setText("jim");
39 book.addContent(author);
40 bookList.addContent(book);
41
42
43 Format format = Format.getCompactFormat();
44 format.setIndent("");
45 XMLOutputter outputer = new XMLOutputter(format);
46 try {
47 //5.利用outputer将document对象转换成xml文档
48 outputer.output(document, new FileOutputStream(new File("src/xmls/JDOM.xml")));
49 } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
50 e.printStackTrace();
51 } catch (IOException e) {
52 e.printStackTrace();
53 }
54 }
55 }
第四，使用DOM4J的方式生成。
1 package xmls;
2 import org.dom4j.Document;
3 import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
4 import org.dom4j.Element;
5 import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
6 import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
7 import java.io.File;
8 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
9 import java.io.IOException;
10 /**
11 * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-3.
12 */
13 public class DOM4JDemo {
14 public static void main(String[] args){
15 Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
16 Element bookList = document.addElement("bookList");
17 Element bookOne = bookList.addElement("book");
18 bookOne.addAttribute("id", "one");
19 Element nameOne = bookOne.addElement("name");
20 nameOne.setText("one book");
21 Element yearOne = bookOne.addElement("year");
22 yearOne.setText("2017");
23 Element authorOne = bookOne.addElement("author");
24 authorOne.setText("tom");
25 Element bookTwo = bookList.addElement("book");
26 bookTwo.addAttribute("id", "two");
27 Element nameTwo = bookTwo.addElement("name");
28 nameTwo.setText("two book");
29 Element yearTwo = bookTwo.addElement("year");
30 yearTwo.setText("2016");
31 Element authorTwo = bookTwo.addElement("author");
32 authorTwo.setText("jim");
33 OutputFormat outputFormat = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
34 try{
35 FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("src\\xmls\\DOM4J.xml"));
36 XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(out, outputFormat);
37 writer.write(document);
38 writer.close();
39 }catch (IOException e){
40 e.printStackTrace();
41 }
42 }
43 }
时间： 2024-10-10 01:11:06