使用ELK Stack收集Kubernetes平台中日志与可视化
- K8S系统的组件日志
- K8S Cluster里面部署的应用程序日志
日志系统：
ELK安装
安装jdk
[[email protected] ~]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk
[[email protected] ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_212"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_212-b04)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.212-b04, mixed mode)
安装elk组件
[[email protected] ~]# yum install elasticsearch logstash kibana
启动es
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start elasticsearch
启动kibana
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
server.host: "0.0.0.0"
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://localhost:9200"]
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start kibana
启动logstash
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash-to-es.conf
input { beats { port => 5044 }}
filter {}
output { if [app] == "www" { if [type] == "nginx-access" { elasticsearch { hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"] index => "nginx-access-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" } } else if [type] == "nginx-error" { elasticsearch { hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"] index => "nginx-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" } } else if [type] == "tomcat-catalina" { elasticsearch { hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"] index => "tomcat-catalina-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" } } } else if [app] == "k8s" { if [type] == "module" { elasticsearch { hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"] index => "k8s-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" } } } stdout { codec => rubydebug }}
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash-to-es.conf
启动收集日志的容器（filebeat）
[[email protected] elk]# cat k8s-logs.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: k8s-logs-filebeat-config
namespace: kube-system
data:
filebeat.yml: |-
filebeat.prospectors:
- type: log
paths:
- /messages
fields:
app: k8s
type: module
fields_under_root: true
output.logstash:
hosts: [‘192.168.0.225:5044‘]
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: k8s-logs
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
project: k8s
app: filebeat
template:
metadata:
labels:
project: k8s
app: filebeat
spec:
containers:
- name: filebeat
image: docker.elastic.co/beats/filebeat:6.4.2
args: [
"-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
"-e",
]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 500Mi
securityContext:
runAsUser: 0
volumeMounts:
- name: filebeat-config
mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
subPath: filebeat.yml
- name: k8s-logs
mountPath: /messages
volumes:
- name: k8s-logs
hostPath:
path: /var/log/messages
type: File
- name: filebeat-config
configMap:
name: k8s-logs-filebeat-config
[[email protected] elk]# kubectl apply -f k8s-logs.yaml
configmap/k8s-logs-filebeat-config created
[[email protected] elk]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
alertmanager-6b5bbd5bd4-lgjn8 2/2 Running 0 7d4h
coredns-5b8c57999b-z9jh8 1/1 Running 1 28d
grafana-0 1/1 Running 3 10d
k8s-logs-b6f4v 1/1 Running 0 6m30s
k8s-logs-lz5pn 1/1 Running 0 6m30s
k8s-logs-pj8kj 1/1 Running 0 6m30s
kube-state-metrics-f86fd9f4f-j4rdc 2/2 Running 0 7d7h
kubernetes-dashboard-644c96f9c6-bvw8w 1/1 Running 1 28d
prometheus-0 2/2 Running 0 7d3h
访问kibana，添加index
容器中的日志怎么收集
|
方式 |
优点 |
缺点 |
|
方案一：Node上部署一个日志收集程序 |
每个Node仅需部署一个日志收集程序，资源消耗少，对应用无侵入 |
应用程序日志需要写到标准输出和标准错误输出，不支持多行日志 |
|
方案二：Pod中附加专用日志收集的容器 |
低耦合 |
每个Pod启动一个日志收集代理，增加资源消耗，并增加运维维护成本 |
|
方案三：应用程序直接推送日志 |
无需额外收集工具 |
浸入应用，增加应用复杂度 |
方案二示例：Pod中附加专用日志收集的容器
nginx日志收集
[[email protected] elk]# cat filebeat-nginx-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: filebeat-nginx-config
namespace: test
data:
filebeat.yml: |-
filebeat.prospectors:
- type: log
paths:
- /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log
# tags: ["access"]
fields:
app: www
type: nginx-access
fields_under_root: true
- type: log
paths:
- /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log
# tags: ["error"]
fields:
app: www
type: nginx-error
fields_under_root: true
output.logstash:
hosts: [‘192.168.0.225:5044‘]
[[email protected] elk]# kubectl apply -f filebeat-nginx-configmap.yaml
configmap/filebeat-nginx-config unchanged
[[email protected] elk]# cat nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: php-demo
namespace: test
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
project: www
app: php-demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
project: www
app: php-demo
spec:
imagePullSecrets:
- name: registry-pull-secret
containers:
- name: nginx
image: 192.168.0.223/project/nginx:v1
imagePullPolicy: Always
ports:
- containerPort: 80
name: web
protocol: TCP
resources:
requests:
cpu: 0.5
memory: 256Mi
limits:
cpu: 1
memory: 1Gi
resources:
requests:
cpu: 0.5
memory: 256Mi
limits:
cpu: 1
memory: 1Gi
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /status.php
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 6
timeoutSeconds: 20
volumeMounts:
- name: nginx-logs
mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/logs
- name: filebeat
image: docker.elastic.co/beats/filebeat:6.4.2
args: [
"-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
"-e",
]
resources:
limits:
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
securityContext:
runAsUser: 0
volumeMounts:
- name: filebeat-config
mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
subPath: filebeat.yml
- name: nginx-logs
mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/logs
volumes:
- name: nginx-logs
emptyDir: {}
- name: filebeat-config
configMap:
name: filebeat-nginx-config
[[email protected] elk]# kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/php-demo configured
tomcat日志收集
[[email protected] elk]# cat filebeat-tomcat-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: filebeat-config
namespace: test
data:
filebeat.yml: |-
filebeat.prospectors:
- type: log
paths:
- /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.*
# tags: ["tomcat"]
fields:
app: www
type: tomcat-catalina
fields_under_root: true
multiline:
pattern: ‘^\[‘
negate: true
match: after
output.logstash:
hosts: [‘192.168.0.225:5044‘]
[[email protected] elk]# kubectl apply -f filebeat-tomcat-configmap.yaml
configmap/filebeat-config created
[[email protected] elk]# cat tomcat-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: tomcat-java-demo
namespace: test
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
project: www
app: java-demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
project: www
app: java-demo
spec:
imagePullSecrets:
- name: registry-pull-secret
containers:
- name: tomcat
image: 192.168.0.223/project/tomcat-java-demo:latest
imagePullPolicy: Always
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
name: web
protocol: TCP
resources:
requests:
cpu: 0.5
memory: 1Gi
limits:
cpu: 1
memory: 2Gi
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 60
timeoutSeconds: 20
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /
port: 8080
initialDelaySeconds: 60
timeoutSeconds: 20
volumeMounts:
- name: tomcat-logs
mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs
- name: filebeat
image: docker.elastic.co/beats/filebeat:6.4.2
args: [
"-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
"-e",
]
resources:
limits:
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
securityContext:
runAsUser: 0
volumeMounts:
- name: filebeat-config
mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
subPath: filebeat.yml
- name: tomcat-logs
mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs
volumes:
- name: tomcat-logs
emptyDir: {}
- name: filebeat-config
configMap:
name: filebeat-config
[[email protected] elk]# kubectl apply -f tomcat-deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/tomcat-java-demo created
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yuezhimi/p/11081093.html
时间： 2024-08-30 08:16:59