项目初始化

系统环境

python 3.7.3

Django 2.2.4

DjangoRestFramework 3.10.2

第一步：启动虚拟化环境

virtualenv虚拟化环境搭建：https://www.cnblogs.com/bk770466199/p/11366374.html

第二步：安装相关依赖包

#查看当前安装依赖包列表
    pip list
#豆瓣源加速安装Django

    pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple django

    虽然pycharm的设置里可以安装依赖包，但是有些依赖包下载过慢，用豆瓣源加速安装，在命令行里面安装好相关的包，再在pycharm里生成项目，避免因下载包过慢卡死。

#pip安装DRF

    pip install djangorestframework

第三步：pycharm生成项目

创建mysql数据库

配置setting,使用我们创建的数据库启动Django项目

DATABASES = {
    ‘default‘: {
        ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘,
        ‘NAME‘: "myshop",
        ‘USER‘: "root",
        ‘PASSWORD‘: "12345678",
        ‘HOST‘: "127.0.0.1",
        "OPTIONS": {"init_command": "SET default_storage_engine=INNODB;"}
    }
}

数据库的配置从网上都可以搜到，生产环境中可以根据系统类型分别配置，使得测试环境和生产环境可以分别连接对应的数据库。

安装mysqlclient

　　python连接mysql需要安装依赖包mysqlclient。

　　正常使用豆瓣源加速安装会报错，如下：

(wText) C:\Users\zhangw>pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple mysqlclient
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.douban.com/simple
Collecting mysqlclient
  Downloading https://pypi.doubanio.com/packages/4d/38/c5f8bac9c50f3042c8f05615f84206f77f03db79781db841898fde1bb284/mysqlclient-1.4.4.tar.gz (86kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 68kB/s
Installing collected packages: mysqlclient
  Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: ‘d:\python3\python.exe‘ -u -c ‘import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = ‘"‘"‘C:\\Users\\zhangw\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\\mysqlclient\\setup.py‘"‘"‘; __file__=‘"‘"‘C:\\Users\\zhangw\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\\mysqlclient\\setup.py‘"‘"‘;f=getattr(tokenize, ‘"‘"‘open‘"‘"‘, open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace(‘"‘"‘\r\n‘"‘"‘, ‘"‘"‘\n‘"‘"‘);f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, ‘"‘"‘exec‘"‘"‘))‘ install --record ‘C:\Users\zhangw\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-6pjq9f0m\install-record.txt‘ --single-version-externally-managed --compile
         cwd: C:\Users\zhangw\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\mysqlclient    Complete output (30 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.7
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\_exceptions.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\compat.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\connections.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\converters.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\cursors.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\release.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\times.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\CLIENT.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\CR.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\ER.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\FIELD_TYPE.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\FLAG.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.7\MySQLdb\constants
    running build_ext
    building ‘MySQLdb._mysql‘ extension
    creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.7
    creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release
    creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\MySQLdb
    C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\BIN\x86_amd64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -Dversion_info=(1,4,4,‘final‘,0) -D__version__=1.4.4 "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Connector C 6.1\include\mariadb" -Id:\python3\include -Id:\python3\include "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\INCLUDE" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.10240.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\include\winrt" /TcMySQLdb/_mysql.c /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.7\Release\MySQLdb/_mysql.obj /Zl /D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
    _mysql.c
    MySQLdb/_mysql.c(29): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: ‘mysql.h‘: No such file or directory
    error: command ‘C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC\\BIN\\x86_amd64\\cl.exe‘ failed with exit status 2
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: ‘d:\python3\python.exe‘ -u -c ‘import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = ‘"‘"‘C:\\Users\\zhangw\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\\mysqlclient\\setup.py‘"‘"‘; __file__=‘"‘"‘C:\\Users\\zhangw\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-o3l0fmnv\\mysqlclient\\setup.py‘"‘"‘;f=getattr(tokenize, ‘"‘"‘open‘"‘"‘, open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace(‘"‘"‘\r\n‘"‘"‘, ‘"‘"‘\n‘"‘"‘);f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, ‘"‘"‘exec‘"‘"‘))‘ install --record ‘C:\Users\zhangw\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-6pjq9f0m\install-record.txt‘ --single-version-externally-managed --compile Check the logs for full command output.

　　之前没有安装Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0的时候，是因为python3是依赖Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0解析的，需要安装Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0，安装完成之后就报这样的错，各种百度无果，祭出绝招：

　　一个神奇的网站：https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

　　通过这个网站我下载了对应版本的whl文件，然后pip install,真的就不报错，成功安装。

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/bk770466199/p/11370250.html