实验环境：
Centos7_64
实验目的：在Centos7下实现源码安装nginx+mariadb+memcache+php均为最新版本 --2015.10.10
一、解决依赖关系
yum install -y openssl-devel pcre-devel cmake
二、安装nginx
groupadd -r nginx
useradd -r -g nginx nginx
tar -zxvf nginx-1.9.5.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.9.5
./configure --prefix=/usr --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/locak/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi
make && make install
添加启动脚本
vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed ‘s/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g‘ -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep ‘configure arguments:‘`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep ‘.*-temp-path‘` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
添加执行权限 chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx && chkconfig nginx on
1、编译安装mariadb
yum -y install ncurses-devel
mkdir -p /mydata/data
groupadd -r mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /mydata/data
tar -zxvf mariadb-10.1.7.tar.gz
cd mariadb-10.1.7
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mydata/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
make && make install
2、更改目录权限
cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql ./*
3、添加服务启动脚本
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld && chkconfig mysqld on
4、修改配置文件
cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
5、添加数据库存放路径
# vim /etc/my.cnf
datadir = /mydata/data
6、初始化数据库
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/
7、更改环境变量、帮助手册、库文件
# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
# echo "MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man" >> /etc/man.config
# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/lib /usr/include/mysql
# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
# ldconfig
三、安装PHP+Xcache
yum -y install libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel
安装依赖
tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.7
./configure
make && make install
tar -jxvf php-5.6.14.tar.bz2
cd php-5.6.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-opensll --enable-fpm --enable-sockets --enable-sysvshm --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --with-curl
make && make install
为php提供配置文件：
# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表：
# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
# chkconfig --add php-fpm
# chkconfig php-fpm on
为php-fpm提供配置文件：
# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
编辑php-fpm的配置文件：
# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）：
pm.max_children = 150
pm.start_servers = 8
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 10
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
接下来就可以启动php-fpm了：
安装xcache，为php加速：
# tar xf xcache-2.0.0.tar.gz
# cd xcache-2.0.0
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
# make && make install
安装结束时，会出现类似如下行：
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/
编辑php.ini，整合php和xcache：
首先将xcache提供的样例配置导入php.ini
# mkdir /etc/php.d
# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d
说明：xcache.ini文件在xcache的源码目录中。
接下来编辑/etc/php.d/xcache.ini，找到zend_extension开头的行，修改为如下行：
zend_extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/xcache.so
注意：如果php.ini文件中有多条zend_extension指令行，要确保此新增的行排在第一位。
重新启动php-fpm
整合nginx和php5
编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，启用如下选项：
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params，将其内容更改为如下内容：
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
并在所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页，类似如下：
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
然后重新载入nginx的配置
/etc/init.d/nginx reload 或者
systemctl reload nginx
测试与数据库的连接
<?php
$link = mysql_connect(‘192.168.2.136‘,‘weyner‘,‘centos‘);
if(!$link){
die(‘Could not connect: ‘ . mysql_error());
}
else
echo "Success...";
mysql_close();
phpinfo();
?>
安装memcached
1、编译安装
# tar -zxvf memcached-1.4.22.tar.gz
# cd memcached-1.4.22
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached
# make && make install
2、更新二进制文件、帮助文档、库文件
# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/memcached/bin" > /etc/profile.d/memcached
# echo "MANPATH /usr/local/memcached/share/man" >> /etc/man.config
# ln -sv /usr/local/memcached/include/memcached /usr/include/memcache
3、为memcached提供服务脚本
#!/bin/bash
#
# Init file for memcached
#
# chkconfig: - 86 14
# description: Distributed memory caching daemon
#
# processname: memcached
# config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
## Default variables
PORT="11211"
USER="nobody"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
OPTIONS=""
RETVAL=0
prog="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached"
desc="Distributed memory caching"
lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/memcached"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $desc (memcached): "
daemon $prog -d -p $PORT -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success && touch $lockfile || failure
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Shutting down $desc (memcached): "
killproc $prog
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success && rm -f $lockfile || failure
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $desc ($prog): "
killproc $prog -HUP
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success || failure
echo
return $RETVAL
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
condrestart)
[ -e $lockfile ] && restart
RETVAL=$?
;;
reload)
reload
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
4、添加到开机自启动
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/memcached
# chkconfig --add memcached
# /etc/init.d/memcached start
安装php的memcache扩展
# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.7.tgz
# tar -zxvf memcache-2.2.7.tgz
# cd memcache-2.2.7
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --enable-memcache
# make && make install
编辑/etc/php.ini，在“动态模块”相关的位置添加如下一行来载入memcache扩展
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/memcache.so
提供测试页面
#vim /usr/html/test.php
<?php
$mem = new memcache;
$mem->connect("192.168.2.136", 11211) or die("Could not connect");
$version = $mem->getVersion();
echo "Server‘s version: ".$version."<br/>\n";
$mem->set(‘hellokey‘, ‘Hello World‘, 0, 600) or die("Failed to save data at the memcached server");
echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 600 seconds)<br/>\n";
$get_result = $mem->get(‘hellokey‘);
echo "$get_result is from memcached server.";
?>
~
性能监控
# wget http://www.junopen.com/memadmin/memadmin-1.0.12.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf memadmin-1.0.12.tar.gz -C /usr/html/
可以打开试试http://192.168.2.136/memadmin
nginx索引目录配置
# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
location ~ ^/iso(/.*)
{
autoindex on;
autoindex_localtime on;
}