Golang 网络爬虫框架gocolly/colly 二 jQuery selector

colly框架依赖goquery库，goquery将jQuery的语法和特性引入到了go语言中。如果要灵活自如地采集数据，首先要了解jQuery选择器。以下内容是翻译jQuery官方网站

Category: Selectors

Borrowing from CSS 1–3, and then adding its own, jQuery offers a powerful set of tools for matching a set of elements in a document.

To use any of the meta-characters ( such as !"#$%&‘()*+,./:;<=>[email protected][\]^`{|}~ ) as a literal part of a name, it must be escaped with with two backslashes: \\. For example, an element with id="foo.bar", can use the selector $("#foo\\.bar"). The W3C CSS specification contains the complete set of rules regarding valid CSS selectors. Also useful is the blog entry by Mathias Bynens on CSS character escape sequences for identifiers.

类别：选择器

从CSS 1-3借用，然后添加它自己的，jQuery提供了一套强大的工具来匹配文档中的一组元素。要使用任何元字符（如 !"#$%&‘()*+,./:;<=>[email protected][\]^`{|}~ ）作为名称的文字部分，例如，一个id =“foo.bar”的元素可以使用选择符$("#foo\\.bar")。W3C CSS规范包含了关于有效的CSS选择器的完整规则。Mathias Bynens的关于标识符CSS字符转义序列的博文也是很有用的。

Also in: Selectors > Basic

**All Selector (“*”)**

Selects all elements.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择所要元素

:animated Selector

Select all elements that are in the progress of an animation at the time the selector is run.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

选择所有动画元素

Attribute Contains Prefix Selector [name|=”value”]

Selects elements that have the specified attribute with a value either equal to a given string or starting with that string followed by a hyphen (-).

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

属性包含前缀选择器 [name|=”value”]

选择具有指定属性的元素，其值等于给定的字符串，或者以该字符串开头，后跟连字符（ - ）。

**Attribute Contains Selector [name*=”value”]**

Selects elements that have the specified attribute with a value containing a given substring.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

属性包含选择器 [name*=”value”]

选择具有指定属性的元素，其值包含给定子字符串。

Attribute Contains Word Selector [name~=”value”]

Selects elements that have the specified attribute with a value containing a given word, delimited by spaces.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

属性包含字选择器[name~=”value”]

选择具有指定属性的元素，其值包含由空格分隔的给定单词。

Attribute Ends With Selector [name$=”value”]

Selects elements that have the specified attribute with a value ending exactly with a given string. The comparison is case sensitive.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

属性结束选择器[name$=”value”]

选择具有指定属性的元素，其值以给定字符串结尾，精确匹配。比较区分大小写。

Attribute Equals Selector [name=”value”]

Selects elements that have the specified attribute with a value exactly equal to a certain value.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

属性等于选择器[name=”value”]

选择具有指定属性的元素，其值恰好等于给定值。

Attribute Not Equal Selector [name!=”value”]

Select elements that either don’t have the specified attribute, or do have the specified attribute but not with a certain value.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

属性不等于选择器[name!=”value”]

选择不具有指定属性的元素，或者具有指定属性但不具有特定值的元素。

Attribute Starts With Selector [name^=”value”]

Selects elements that have the specified attribute with a value beginning exactly with a given string.

Also in: Selectors > Form | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

属性以开始选择器[name^=”value”]

选择具有指定属性的元素，其值的开始部分与给定字符串完全一致。

:button Selector

Selects all button elements and elements of type button.

Also in: Selectors > Form | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

按钮选择器

选择所有按钮元素和类型按钮的元素。

:checkbox Selector

Selects all elements of type checkbox.

Also in: Selectors > Form

复选框选择器

选择所有复选框

:checked Selector

Matches all elements that are checked or selected.

Also in: Selectors > Hierarchy

匹配所有选中的元素。

Child Selector (“parent > child”)

Selects all direct child elements specified by “child” of elements specified by “parent”.

Also in: Selectors > Basic

选择由“parent”指定元素的所有直接“child”指定子元素。

Class Selector (“.class”)

Selects all elements with the given class.

Also in: Selectors > Content Filter

选择指定类的所有元素。

:contains() Selector

Select all elements that contain the specified text.

Also in: Selectors > Hierarchy

选择包含指定文本的所有元素

Descendant Selector (“ancestor descendant”)

Selects all elements that are descendants of a given ancestor.

Also in: Selectors > Form

后代选择器 (“ancestor descendant”)

选择指定祖先的所有后代元素

:disabled Selector

Selects all elements that are disabled.

Also in: Selectors > Basic

选择所有被禁用的元素。

Element Selector (“element”)

Selects all elements with the given tag name.

Also in: Selectors > Content Filter

元素选择器

选择指定标签名的所有元素

:empty Selector

Select all elements that have no children (including text nodes).

Also in: Selectors > Form

空选择器

选择所有没有子项的元素（包括文本节点）

:enabled Selector

Selects all elements that are enabled.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择所有启用的元素

:eq() Selector

Select the element at index n within the matched set.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择匹配集中index =n的元素（下标从0开始）。

:even Selector

Selects even elements, zero-indexed. See also odd.

Also in: Selectors > Form | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择偶数元素，下标从0开始。

:file Selector

Selects all elements of type file.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择所有文件类型的元素

:first-child Selector

Selects all elements that are the first child of their parent.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择所有父节点的第一个孩子元素。

:first-of-type Selector

Selects all elements that are the first among siblings of the same element name.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择同一元素名称的所有兄弟节点中的第一个元素。

:first Selector

Selects the first matched DOM element.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > Form

选择第一个匹配的DOM元素。

:focus Selector

Selects element if it is currently focused.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择指定元素，当前处于获取焦点状态

:gt() Selector

Select all elements at an index greater than index within the matched set.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

选择匹配集中所有索引大于指定index值的元素。

Has Attribute Selector [name]

Selects elements that have the specified attribute, with any value.

Also in: Selectors > Content Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择具有指定属性的所有元素，可以是任何值。

:has() Selector

Selects elements which contain at least one element that matches the specified selector.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择指定元素，其包含至少一个元素匹配给定选择器。

:header Selector

Selects all elements that are headers, like h1, h2, h3 and so on.

Also in: Selectors > jQuery Extensions | Selectors > Visibility Filter

选择所有标题元素，例如h1,h2,h3等

:hidden Selector

Selects all elements that are hidden.

Also in: Selectors > Basic

选择所有隐藏的元素

ID Selector (“#id”)

Selects a single element with the given id attribute.

Also in: Selectors > Form | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择具有给定id属性的单个元素。

:image Selector

Selects all elements of type image.

Also in: Selectors > Form | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择所有image类型的元素

:input Selector

Selects all input, textarea, select and button elements.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter

选择所有input, textarea, select 和button元素。

:lang() Selector

Selects all elements of the specified language.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择所有指定语言的元素。

:last-child Selector

Selects all elements that are the last child of their parent.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择所有父元素的最后一个孩子节点元素。

:last-of-type Selector

Selects all elements that are the last among siblings of the same element name.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择同一元素名称的所有兄弟节点中的最后一个元素。

:last Selector

Selects the last matched element.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter | Selectors > jQuery Extensions

选择最后一个匹配的元素。

:lt() Selector

Select all elements at an index less than index within the matched set.

Also in: Selectors > Attribute

在匹配集中选择所有索引小于给定值的元素。

Multiple Attribute Selector [name=”value”][name2=”value2″]

Matches elements that match all of the specified attribute filters.

Also in: Selectors > Basic

多属性选择器

符合所有指定属性过滤器的匹配元素集。

Multiple Selector (“selector1, selector2, selectorN”)

Selects the combined results of all the specified selectors.

Also in: Selectors > Hierarchy

多重选择器

选择所有指定选择器的组合结果。

Next Adjacent Selector (“prev + next”)

Selects all next elements matching “next” that are immediately preceded by a sibling “prev”.

Also in: Selectors > Hierarchy

选择所有下一个匹配“next”的元素，紧接在兄弟“prev”之后。

Next Siblings Selector (“prev ~ siblings”)

Selects all sibling elements that follow after the “prev” element, have the same parent, and match the filtering “siblings” selector.

Also in: Selectors > Basic Filter

选择“prev”元素之后的所有同级元素，具有相同的父级，并匹配筛选“siblings”选择器。

:not() Selector

Selects all elements that do not match the given selector.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择不匹配给定选择器的所有元素。

:nth-child() Selector

Selects all elements that are the nth-child of their parent.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择所有父元素的第n个子元素。

:nth-last-child() Selector

Selects all elements that are the nth-child of their parent, counting from the last element to the first.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择所有父元素的第n个子元素，从后向前计数。

:nth-last-of-type() Selector

Selects all the elements that are the nth-child of their parent in relation to siblings with the same element name, counting from the last element to the first.

Also in: Selectors > Child Filter

选择父元素的具有相同指定元素名称的子元素中第n个元素，按照从后向前的顺序计数。