1.甘草 Liquorice
2.苦参生
3.叶下珠属Phyllanthus
4.Salvia miltiorrhiza丹参
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03111.x/full
也有报道中药的肝毒，下面是例子
报道肝毒明显中药：
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb 何首乌
Cassia obtusifolia L 决明
Melia toosendan Sieb川楝子
掌叶大黄Rheum palmatum L
少棘蜈蚣lScolopendra subspinipes mutilans L
泽泻Alisma orientale Juzepe
甘草 Liquorice
http://db.yaozh.com/yaocai/210.html
C. 对肝脏的作用：甘草浸膏给大鼠口服，对四氯化碳引起的肝损伤有明显的保护作用，可使肝脏的变性和坏死显著减轻，肝细胞内的糖原及核糖核酸
恢复，血清谷丙转氨酶活力显著下降。甘草甜素、甘草次酸可使结扎总输胆管的家兔、大鼠的血胆红素降低，尿胆红素排泄增加，此作用比葡萄糖醛酸内酯
或蛋氨酸强。甘草甜素可明显增加家兔胆汁的分泌。但对新生儿黄疸则无效。甘草甜素和甘草次酸对四氯化碳肝损害有显著的抑制作用，可抑制肝纤维增生
和减轻间质炎症反应；病理组织学检查亦表明：甘草甜素和甘草次酸可使肝坏死和气球样变性明显减轻，尤其以甘草甜素的作用更为明显。甘草次酸能强烈
抑制四氯化碳生成游离基及过氧化脂质的生成，并抑制 Ca++ 流入细胞内所引起的细胞损害。因此，甘草次酸的抗氧化作用和抑制 Ca++ 流入细胞内的作用
是其抑制肝损害的重要因素；而甘草甜素则可能是在机体内水解后而呈现显著作用。有报告指出，甘草酸制剂强力宁（Potenlin）对慢性活动性肝炎 GPT
增高者效果显著，但对乙肝病毒尚无肯定的杀灭作用，因此对 HBV 携带者无效。研究证明，甘草甜素能抑制磷酯酶 A2 的活性，诱导类似皮质激素的抗炎
作用和膜保护作用，此亦为降酶的机制之一。实验研究表明：甘草酸与DL-蛋氨酸（DL-methionine）及其混合物，给予由D-半乳糖胺(D-galactosamine)引
起肝炎的大鼠，能够保护性地防止D-半乳糖胺引起的肝重量升高，使胆管发育显著改善；甘草酸和DL-蛋氨酸对四氯化碳或半乳糖胺引起大鼠肝坏死的最佳
治疗剂量皆是100mg/kg/d，而甘草酸和DL-蛋氨酸混合物的最佳治疗剂量则是甘草酸和DL-蛋氨酸各50mg/kg/d，混合物比单一物质有较大治疗效果；甘草酸
与DL-蛋氨酸及其混合物（1:1），以110mg/kg/d的剂量经口给予由四氯化碳引起慢性肝炎的大鼠，对动物死亡率、饮食和血液生化指标无影响，但对于由四
氯化碳引起的肝重量增加有抑制作用。
Treatment of chronic liver diseases with traditional Chinese medicine
Authors
-
Bao-En Wang
- First published: May 2000Full publication history
- DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02100.xView/save citation
- Cited by: 54 articles
Correspondence: DrB-EWang Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, PR China
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine is still being extensively used for treatment of liver disease in China. The anti-viral herbs, Phyllanthus amarus, P. niruri and P. urninaria, and Oxymatrine extracted from Sophora flavecientis and S. subprostratae, have been shown to have a remarkable HBV suppressing effect with a serum conversion rate for HBeAg and HBV DNA around 45%, similar to that of IFN-α. The anti-inflammatory compound, Stronger NeoMinophagen C (SNMC), is a Japanese preparation of glycerrhizin, extracted from Glyceriza glabra, which has shown an effective rate of ALT and AST normalization and reduction to < 60 U/L in 65.6% and 73.5% of patients. Compound 861, made of 10 herbs with Salvia miltiorrhiza as its chief component, has been shown experimentally to be effective in suppressing fibrogenesis, enhancing collagen degradation, and inhibiting TIMP expression. Clinically, an open trial of 2000 patients showed improvement of symptoms in 83% and normalization of serum ALT in 82%. In a controlled study of 107 patients with HBV-related diseases, double liver biopsies showed that the fibrosis reversal rate after 6 months treatment with Cpd 861 was 78% in S2, 82% in S3 (precirrhotic stage) and 75% in S4 (early cirrhosis), as assessed by Scheuer’s and Chevallier’s criterion. In conclusion, traditional Chinese medicine has great potential in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
Abstract: Hepatitis B induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major public health problem worldwide. Although several antiviral drugs have been approved for hepatitis B, they cause significant dose-dependent side-effects (interferon-α) and drug resistance (lamivudine, etc.). Safe and potent new anti-HBV drugs are urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an established segment of the health care system in China and widely used for hepatitis B in China and many parts of the world. Many TCMs and related active compounds have been reported that have promising and potent anti-HBV activities, including Phyllanthus, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Rheum palmatum L., Radix Astragali, oxymatrine, artemisinin and artesunate, and wogonin. Thus, TCM is a potential candidate for anti-HBV drugs. More information is needed regarding TCMs, including preparation, standardization, identification of active ingredients, and toxicological evaluation. Therefore, TCM development needs to apply advanced and interdisciplinary methodology and technology and perform further rigorously designed experimental and clinical investigations.