TimeUnit是 java.util.concurrent 中的一个枚举类。一般让线程进行睡眠时使用：
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
比如上面一行代码表示让当前线程睡眠100毫秒。
相比Thread.sleep()方法的一个好处就是， TimeUnit可以设置时间单位，比如上面的毫秒级别，看下面源码，有7个选项，纳秒、微妙、毫秒、秒、分钟、小时、天。
package java.util.concurrent;
/**
* A <tt>TimeUnit</tt> represents time durations at a given unit of
* granularity and provides utility methods to convert across units,
* and to perform timing and delay operations in these units. A
* <tt>TimeUnit</tt> does not maintain time information, but only
* helps organize and use time representations that may be maintained
* separately across various contexts. A nanosecond is defined as one
* thousandth of a microsecond, a microsecond as one thousandth of a
* millisecond, a millisecond as one thousandth of a second, a minute
* as sixty seconds, an hour as sixty minutes, and a day as twenty four
* hours.
*
* <p>A <tt>TimeUnit</tt> is mainly used to inform time-based methods
* how a given timing parameter should be interpreted. For example,
* the following code will timeout in 50 milliseconds if the {@link
* java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock lock} is not available:
*
* <pre> Lock lock = ...;
* if (lock.tryLock(50L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) ...
* </pre>
* while this code will timeout in 50 seconds:
* <pre>
* Lock lock = ...;
* if (lock.tryLock(50L, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) ...
* </pre>
*
* Note however, that there is no guarantee that a particular timeout
* implementation will be able to notice the passage of time at the
* same granularity as the given <tt>TimeUnit</tt>.
*
* @since 1.5
* @author Doug Lea
*/
public enum TimeUnit {
NANOSECONDS {
public long toNanos(long d) { return d; }
public long toMicros(long d) { return d/(C1/C0); }
public long toMillis(long d) { return d/(C2/C0); }
public long toSeconds(long d) { return d/(C3/C0); }
public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C0); }
public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C0); }
public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C0); }
public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toNanos(d); }
int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return (int)(d - (m*C2)); }
},
MICROSECONDS {
public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C1/C0, MAX/(C1/C0)); }
public long toMicros(long d) { return d; }
public long toMillis(long d) { return d/(C2/C1); }
public long toSeconds(long d) { return d/(C3/C1); }
public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C1); }
public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C1); }
public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C1); }
public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toMicros(d); }
int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return (int)((d*C1) - (m*C2)); }
},
MILLISECONDS {
public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C2/C0, MAX/(C2/C0)); }
public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C2/C1, MAX/(C2/C1)); }
public long toMillis(long d) { return d; }
public long toSeconds(long d) { return d/(C3/C2); }
public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C2); }
public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C2); }
public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C2); }
public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toMillis(d); }
int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; }
},
SECONDS {
public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C3/C0, MAX/(C3/C0)); }
public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C3/C1, MAX/(C3/C1)); }
public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C3/C2, MAX/(C3/C2)); }
public long toSeconds(long d) { return d; }
public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C3); }
public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C3); }
public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C3); }
public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toSeconds(d); }
int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; }
},
MINUTES {
public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C4/C0, MAX/(C4/C0)); }
public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C4/C1, MAX/(C4/C1)); }
public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C4/C2, MAX/(C4/C2)); }
public long toSeconds(long d) { return x(d, C4/C3, MAX/(C4/C3)); }
public long toMinutes(long d) { return d; }
public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C4); }
public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C4); }
public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toMinutes(d); }
int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; }
},
HOURS {
public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C5/C0, MAX/(C5/C0)); }
public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C5/C1, MAX/(C5/C1)); }
public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C5/C2, MAX/(C5/C2)); }
public long toSeconds(long d) { return x(d, C5/C3, MAX/(C5/C3)); }
public long toMinutes(long d) { return x(d, C5/C4, MAX/(C5/C4)); }
public long toHours(long d) { return d; }
public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C5); }
public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toHours(d); }
int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; }
},
DAYS {
public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C6/C0, MAX/(C6/C0)); }
public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C6/C1, MAX/(C6/C1)); }
public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C6/C2, MAX/(C6/C2)); }
public long toSeconds(long d) { return x(d, C6/C3, MAX/(C6/C3)); }
public long toMinutes(long d) { return x(d, C6/C4, MAX/(C6/C4)); }
public long toHours(long d) { return x(d, C6/C5, MAX/(C6/C5)); }
public long toDays(long d) { return d; }
public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toDays(d); }
int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; }
};
// Handy constants for conversion methods
static final long C0 = 1L;
static final long C1 = C0 * 1000L;
static final long C2 = C1 * 1000L;
static final long C3 = C2 * 1000L;
static final long C4 = C3 * 60L;
static final long C5 = C4 * 60L;
static final long C6 = C5 * 24L;
static final long MAX = Long.MAX_VALUE;
/**
* Scale d by m, checking for overflow.
* This has a short name to make above code more readable.
*/
static long x(long d, long m, long over) {
if (d > over) return Long.MAX_VALUE;
if (d < -over) return Long.MIN_VALUE;
return d * m;
}
// To maintain full signature compatibility with 1.5, and to improve the
// clarity of the generated javadoc (see 6287639: Abstract methods in
// enum classes should not be listed as abstract), method convert
// etc. are not declared abstract but otherwise act as abstract methods.
/**
* Convert the given time duration in the given unit to this
* unit. Conversions from finer to coarser granularities
* truncate, so lose precision. For example converting
* <tt>999</tt> milliseconds to seconds results in
* <tt>0</tt>. Conversions from coarser to finer granularities
* with arguments that would numerically overflow saturate to
* <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if negative or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt>
* if positive.
*
* <p>For example, to convert 10 minutes to milliseconds, use:
* <tt>TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(10L, TimeUnit.MINUTES)</tt>
*
* @param sourceDuration the time duration in the given <tt>sourceUnit</tt>
* @param sourceUnit the unit of the <tt>sourceDuration</tt> argument
* @return the converted duration in this unit,
* or <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if conversion would negatively
* overflow, or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt> if it would positively overflow.
*/
public long convert(long sourceDuration, TimeUnit sourceUnit) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Equivalent to <tt>NANOSECONDS.convert(duration, this)</tt>.
* @param duration the duration
* @return the converted duration,
* or <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if conversion would negatively
* overflow, or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt> if it would positively overflow.
* @see #convert
*/
public long toNanos(long duration) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Equivalent to <tt>MICROSECONDS.convert(duration, this)</tt>.
* @param duration the duration
* @return the converted duration,
* or <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if conversion would negatively
* overflow, or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt> if it would positively overflow.
* @see #convert
*/
public long toMicros(long duration) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Equivalent to <tt>MILLISECONDS.convert(duration, this)</tt>.
* @param duration the duration
* @return the converted duration,
* or <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if conversion would negatively
* overflow, or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt> if it would positively overflow.
* @see #convert
*/
public long toMillis(long duration) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Equivalent to <tt>SECONDS.convert(duration, this)</tt>.
* @param duration the duration
* @return the converted duration,
* or <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if conversion would negatively
* overflow, or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt> if it would positively overflow.
* @see #convert
*/
public long toSeconds(long duration) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Equivalent to <tt>MINUTES.convert(duration, this)</tt>.
* @param duration the duration
* @return the converted duration,
* or <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if conversion would negatively
* overflow, or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt> if it would positively overflow.
* @see #convert
* @since 1.6
*/
public long toMinutes(long duration) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Equivalent to <tt>HOURS.convert(duration, this)</tt>.
* @param duration the duration
* @return the converted duration,
* or <tt>Long.MIN_VALUE</tt> if conversion would negatively
* overflow, or <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt> if it would positively overflow.
* @see #convert
* @since 1.6
*/
public long toHours(long duration) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Equivalent to <tt>DAYS.convert(duration, this)</tt>.
* @param duration the duration
* @return the converted duration
* @see #convert
* @since 1.6
*/
public long toDays(long duration) {
throw new AbstractMethodError();
}
/**
* Utility to compute the excess-nanosecond argument to wait,
* sleep, join.
* @param d the duration
* @param m the number of milliseconds
* @return the number of nanoseconds
*/
abstract int excessNanos(long d, long m);
/**
* Performs a timed {@link Object#wait(long, int) Object.wait}
* using this time unit.
* This is a convenience method that converts timeout arguments
* into the form required by the <tt>Object.wait</tt> method.
*
* <p>For example, you could implement a blocking <tt>poll</tt>
* method (see {@link BlockingQueue#poll BlockingQueue.poll})
* using:
*
* <pre> {@code
* public synchronized Object poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
* throws InterruptedException {
* while (empty) {
* unit.timedWait(this, timeout);
* ...
* }
* }}</pre>
*
* @param obj the object to wait on
* @param timeout the maximum time to wait. If less than
* or equal to zero, do not wait at all.
* @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting
*/
public void timedWait(Object obj, long timeout)
throws InterruptedException {
if (timeout > 0) {
long ms = toMillis(timeout);
int ns = excessNanos(timeout, ms);
obj.wait(ms, ns);
}
}
/**
* Performs a timed {@link Thread#join(long, int) Thread.join}
* using this time unit.
* This is a convenience method that converts time arguments into the
* form required by the <tt>Thread.join</tt> method.
*
* @param thread the thread to wait for
* @param timeout the maximum time to wait. If less than
* or equal to zero, do not wait at all.
* @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting
*/
public void timedJoin(Thread thread, long timeout)
throws InterruptedException {
if (timeout > 0) {
long ms = toMillis(timeout);
int ns = excessNanos(timeout, ms);
thread.join(ms, ns);
}
}
/**
* Performs a {@link Thread#sleep(long, int) Thread.sleep} using
* this time unit.
* This is a convenience method that converts time arguments into the
* form required by the <tt>Thread.sleep</tt> method.
*
* @param timeout the minimum time to sleep. If less than
* or equal to zero, do not sleep at all.
* @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while sleeping
*/
public void sleep(long timeout) throws InterruptedException {
if (timeout > 0) {
long ms = toMillis(timeout);
int ns = excessNanos(timeout, ms);
Thread.sleep(ms, ns);
}
}
}
时间： 2024-08-24 16:56:52