一、状态机代码：

#define ledR (12)
#define ledG (11)
#define ledBrd (13)
#define sw1 (2)
#define SW_ON  (0)
#define SW_OFF  (1)

#define LED_ON  (1)
#define LED_OFF  (0)
#define interval  (500)
// Generally, you should use "unsigned long" for variables that hold time
// The value will quickly become too large for an int to store
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
// will store last time LED was updated

//现在状态
unsigned char swState;
//过去状态
unsigned char swPrevState;
unsigned char ledState;
unsigned char ledBlinkState;
// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void
setup() {

// initialize digital pin 13 as an output.

pinMode(ledBrd, OUTPUT);

pinMode(ledR, OUTPUT);

pinMode(ledG, OUTPUT);

pinMode(ledB, OUTPUT);

pinMode(sw1, INPUT);

ledAllOff();

digitalWrite(ledBrd,LOW);

delay(100);

swState=swPrevState=digitalRead(sw1);

ledState=LED_OFF;

ledBlinkState=LOW;
}

void ledAllOff()
{

digitalWrite(ledR,HIGH);

digitalWrite(ledG,HIGH);

digitalWrite(ledB,HIGH);
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {

swState=digitalRead(sw1);

if(swState ==SW_ON && swPrevState==SW_OFF)

{

if(ledState == LED_ON)

{

ledState = LED_OFF;     

}
else
{

ledState = LED_ON;

}

}

swPrevState = swState;

if(ledState == LED_ON)

{

//blink();

blinkWithoutDelay();

}
else
{

ledAllOff();

}
}

void blink()
{

digitalWrite(ledBrd, HIGH);
// turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

digitalWrite(ledB,LOW);

delay(500);
// wait for a second
  digitalWrite(ledBrd, LOW);
// turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  digitalWrite(ledB,HIGH);

delay(500);
// wait for a second

}

void blinkWithoutDelay()
{

unsigned long currentMillis = millis();

if(currentMillis - previousMillis >= interval)
{

// save the last time you blinked the LED 

previousMillis = currentMillis;  

// if the LED is off turn it on and vice-versa:

if (ledBlinkState == LOW)

{
      ledBlinkState = HIGH;
    }
else
{
      ledBlinkState = LOW;
    }
    // set the LED with the ledState of the variable:

digitalWrite(ledBrd, ledBlinkState);   // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

digitalWrite(ledB,ledBlinkState);

}

}

二、调查和比较 Linux\ Windows\ Mac 系统间堆栈的不同: