一、环境
192.168.56.102 为主服务器
192.168.56.101 为从服务器
Mysql5.7.20 二进制安装包环境
1、 下载免编译安装包并进行安装
从官网下载 mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
官网： http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [[email protected] ~]# mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql [[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql [[email protected] mysql]# mkdir –p data/mysql #存放数据目录 [[email protected] mysql]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin [[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data/mysql/ [[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql –initialize # 初始化并安装,会提示产生一个默认密码：[email protected]: Tb8lw2pmN&dH
支持加密 # ./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql
#/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start 启动看看，我这里没有成功，发现配置文件存在问题。 把配置文件复制到/etc/my.cnf # cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf # vim /etc/my.cnf[[email protected] bin]# cat /etc/my.cnf #照如下修改配置文件
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect=‘SET NAMES utf8‘
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
然后设置链接，启动服务
[[email protected] bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [[email protected] bin]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld [[email protected] mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
连接mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -uroot –p -bash: mysql: command not found [[email protected] mysql]# cd bin [[email protected] bin]# ./mysql [[email protected] bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> alter user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘1‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看日志文件
[[email protected] mysql]# cat mysql-m.err
2、 复制配置
2.1 在主服务器上的/etc/my.cnf上开启log-bin：
在[mysqld]下添加 server-id=1 log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysql-bin [[email protected] mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld
2.2 建立复制帐户
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘rep‘@‘192.168.56.%‘ identified by ‘1‘; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 锁表： mysql> flush table with read lock; 查看主库状态： mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 599 | | | |
新开一个窗口，备份主库
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p‘1‘ --events -A -B | gzip > /server/backup/mysql_bak.$(data+%F).sql.gz -bash: data+%F: command not found mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. 解锁： mysql> unlock tables; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
3、从库配置
[[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf #如果有开启bin-log建议关闭。 server-id=2 重启mysql服务 [[email protected] mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld 检查从库log-bin mysql> show variables like ‘log_bin‘; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | log_bin | OFF | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
把备份文件复制到从库并解压 [[email protected] ~]# cd /server/backup/ [[email protected] backup]# gzip -d mysql_bak.sql.gz [[email protected] backup]# ll total 764 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 780324 Nov 5 14:59 mysql_bak.sql 还原备份文件到从库 [[email protected] backup]# cd /usr/local/mysql [[email protected] mysql]# bin/mysql -uroot -p‘1‘ < /server/backup/mysql_bak.sql mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
从库上执行：
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.56.104‘,
-> MASTER_PORT=3306,
-> MASTER_USER=‘rep‘,
-> MASTER_PASSWORD=‘1‘,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000001‘,
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=599;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
开启从库
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.56.104
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 599
Relay_Log_File: mysql-s-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
但出现了错误，如上图红色，查了一下mysql下的日志，报server UUID相同的错误
2017-11-05T07:12:16.236482Z 6 [ERROR] Slave I/O for channel ‘‘: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL serve
网上查了一下，是由于虚机复制过来的，两套库uuid相同了，
原因分析：
mysql 5.6的复制引入了uuid的概念，各个复制结构中的server_uuid得保证不一样，但是查看到直接copy data文件夹后server_uuid是相同的，show variables like ‘%server_uuid%‘;
解决方法：
找到data文件夹下的auto.cnf文件，修改里面的uuid值，保证各个db的uuid不一样，重启db即可
[[email protected] mysql]# vim auto.cnf [auto] server-uuid=ff3d3303-c16d-11e7-b885-080027c5cf4b 把上面uuid最后原来3b-修改为4b重启数据库后，启动从库，成功！！！ mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.56.104
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 599
Relay_Log_File: mysql-s-relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 599
Relay_Log_Space: 695
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: ff3d3303-c16d-11e7-b885-080027c5cf3b
Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
测试主从复制：
在主库上创建aaa数据库：
mysql> create database aaa; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) 查看从库： mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | aaa | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec)