Struts作为一款Web框架自然少不了与页面的交互，开发过程中我们最常用的request、application、session等struts都为我们进行了一定的封装与处理
一、通过ActionContext获取
| 方法 | 说明 |
| void put(String key,Object value) | 模拟HttpServletRequest中的setAttribute（） |
| Object get(Object key) | 通过参数key查找当前ActionContext中的值 |
| Map getApplication（） | 返回一个Application级的Map对象 |
| static ActionContext getContext（） | 获得当前线程的ActionContext对象 |
| Map getParameters() | 返回一个Map类型HttpSession对象 |
| void put（Object key，Object vlue） | 向前ActionContext对象中存入名值对信息 |
| void setApplication（Map application） | 设置Application上下文 |
| void setSession（Map session） | 设置一个Map类型的Session对象 |
| Map setSession() |
返回一个Map类型的HttpSession对象 |
1.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
2.配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--struts中对应mvc的三层是，filterdispatcher->控制层、Action->模型层、Result->视图层-->
<package name="test" extends="struts-default">
<!--设置允许动态调用的方法-->
<global-allowed-methods>user</global-allowed-methods>
<action name="user" class="test.TestAction">
<!--result顾名思义返回结果，name属性与Action中返回的字符串一样,作用就是返回视图-->
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="user">/user.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
<!--设置允许动态调用，除了execute()方法之外的其他自定义方法-->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"></constant>
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8"></constant>
</struts>
3.在test包下写TestAction类
package test;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class TestAction extends ActionSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
//我们也可以通过实现特定接口来获取对应的对象比如ServletRequestAware可以获取到HttpServletRequest
//的实例，但是我们需要手动定义该对象，通过接口中的重写的方法来初始化
public String execute(){
return "success";
}
public String user(){
// struts通过Action访问servlet中的request、session、application等
ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext();
context.put("name","request");//默认是request
context.getSession().put("name","session");//session
context.getApplication().put("name","application");//application
return "user";
}
}
4.准备页面index.jsp、user.jsp
1)index.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
po: zgye
Date: 2019/5/11
Time: 12:27
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="user">user</a>
<a href="user!user.action">select</a>
</body>
</html>
2)user.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
po: zgye
Date: 2019/5/11
Time: 13:18
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>用户页面</title>
</head>
<body>
测试内置对象：
${requestScope.name}
${sessionScope.name}
${applicationScope.name}
</body>
</html>
5.启动服务点击select超链接测试
二、通过特定接口访问
ActionContext虽然可以间接的访问Servlet API，同时我们有时候也需要直接去访问Servlet API，Struts2为我们提供了对应的接口
1）ServletRequestAware
2）ServletResponseAware
3）ServletContextAware
·······
1.准备web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
2.配置struts,xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--struts中对应mvc的三层是，filterdispatcher->控制层、Action->模型层、Result->视图层-->
<package name="test" extends="struts-default">
<!--接口方式测试Servlet API-->
<action name="servlet" class="test.TestServletAction">
<result name="servlet">/servlet.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
3.准备TestServletAction.ava
package test;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;
import org.apache.struts2.util.ServletContextAware;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class TestServletAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware, ServletContextAware {
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpServletResponse response;
private ServletContext context;
@Override
public void setServletRequest(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {
request=httpServletRequest;
}
@Override
public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {
response=httpServletResponse;
}
@Override
public void setServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
context=servletContext;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
request.setAttribute("name","request");
request.setAttribute("response",response);
context.setAttribute("name","context");
return "servlet";
}
}
4.准备servlet.jsp页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zgye
Date: 2019/5/12
Time: 12:27
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>servlet测试页面</title>
</head>
<body>
request:${requestScope.name}<br>
response:${requestScope.response}<br>
context:${applicationScope.name}
</body>
</html>
5.启动服务请求http://localhost:8080/servlet查看测试结果
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Tiandaochouqin1/p/10851871.html
时间： 2024-08-03 23:38:23