java 多线程-ThreadLocal

ThreadLocal：每个线程自身的存储本地、局部区域，类似于容器,每个线程都会在其中有一定存储空间
常用的方法get/set/initialValue
官方建议为private static
每个线程存储自己的数据，更改不会影响其他线程
ThreadLocal 子类InheritableThreadLocal：
继承上下文环境的数据

    public class my {

//Integer 初始值为null
//private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadlocal=new ThreadLocal<>();
//更改初始值需要创建ThreadLocal的子类重写initialValue或者使用lambda(jdk8)
private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadlocal=new ThreadLocal <Integer>()
        {//父类匿名内部类重写方法
            protected Integer initialValue()
            {
                return 200;
            }
        };
//private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadlocal=new ThreadLocal.withInitial(()->200);

public static void main(String[]args) throws InterruptedException
{
    //获取值
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+threadlocal.get());
    //设置值
    threadlocal.set(99);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+threadlocal.get());

    new Thread(new test()).start();
    new Thread(new test()).start();
}

public static class test implements Runnable
{
    public void run()
    {
        threadlocal.set((int)(Math.random()*100));
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+threadlocal.get());
    }
}

}

每个线程自身的数据更改不会影响其他线程

public class my {

private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadlocal=new ThreadLocal <Integer>()
        {//父类匿名内部类重写方法
            protected Integer initialValue()
            {
                return 1;
            }
        };

public static void main(String[]args) throws InterruptedException
{
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
    {
        new Thread(new test()).start();
    }
}

public static class test implements Runnable
{
    public void run()
    {
        //修改不会影响其他线程
        Integer left=threadlocal.get();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+left);
        threadlocal.set(left-1);
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"还剩下"+threadlocal.get());
    }
}

}

分析ThreadLocal运行环境:

public class my {

private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadlocal=new ThreadLocal <Integer>()
        {//父类匿名内部类重写方法
            protected Integer initialValue()
            {
                return 1;
            }
        };

public static void main(String[]args) throws InterruptedException
{
    new Thread(new test()).start();//两个打印的内容在不同的线程里
    //当start()之后，线程才从main转换到其他线程，所以构造器里的是main线程的
}

public static class test implements Runnable
{
    public test()
    {
        threadlocal.set(100);  //属于main线程，修改不会影响start内的线程
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+threadlocal.get());
    }
    public void run()
    {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"还剩下"+threadlocal.get());
    }
}

}

子类InheritableThreadLocal:

public class my {

private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadlocal=new InheritableThreadLocal<>();

public static void main(String[]args) throws InterruptedException
{
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+threadlocal.get());
    threadlocal.set(2);

    //此线程由main线程开辟，拷贝一份main线程的数据给此线程
    //即将main线程里的2给此线程
    new Thread(()->{
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+threadlocal.get());
        threadlocal.set(200);
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+threadlocal.get());
    }).start();
}

}

原文地址：https://blog.51cto.com/14437184/2430579