实验拓扑:
实验准备:
CentOS6.5-x86-64
node1 10.0.0.11 软件:ipvsadm+keepalived 角色:Director1 node2 10.0.0.12 软件:ipvsadm+keepalived 角色:Director2 node3 10.0.0.13 软件:nginx 角色:Realerver1 node4 10.0.0.14 软件:nginx 角色:Realerver2 |
一、在两台Director上安装配置ipvsadm和keepalived
1、安装ipvsadm
# yum install ipvsadm -y # ipvsadm -v ipvsadm v1.26 2008/5/15 (compiled with popt and IPVS v1.2.1)
2、安装keepalived
# sh hm-keepalived-install.sh (keepalived安装脚本) #!/bin/bash kernel=/usr/src/kernels/$(uname -r) yum install gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel libnl-devel libnfnetlink libnfnetlink-devel -y [ -e keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz ] || wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz tar -zxf keepalived-1.2.23.tar.gz && cd keepalived-1.2.23 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sysconf=/etc --with-kernel-dir=${kernel} make && make install chkconfig --add keepalived && chkconfig keepalived on ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
三、在两台Realserver上安装配置nginx
# sh hm-nginx-install.sh(nginx安装脚本,只需将nginx源码包放到/usr/local/src目录下,执行即可) #!/bin/bash nginx_s=/usr/local/src/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz nginx_v=nginx-1.8.1 for p in gcc gcc-c++ zlib pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel do if ! rpm -qa | grep -q "^$p";then yum install -y $p fi done if [ ! -d /etc/nginx -o ! -e /usr/sbin/nginx ];then useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx -M cd /usr/local/src && tar -zxf ${nginx_s} -C . && cd $nginx_v && ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/subsys/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/client_body --http-proxy-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/tmp/nginx/fastcgi --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-pcre make && make install chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/local/nginx && mkdir /tmp/nginx/client_body -p && mkdir /etc/nginx/vhosts # nginx.conf cat > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf << EOF user nginx nginx; worker_processes $(cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep ‘processor‘ | wc -l); error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size 2048; server_names_hash_max_size 2048; log_format main ‘\$HTTP_X_REAL_IP - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" ‘ ‘\$status \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" "\$request_time"‘ ‘"\$http_user_agent" \$HTTP_X_Forwarded_For‘; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 60; client_header_timeout 3m; client_body_timeout 3m; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; send_timeout 3m; connection_pool_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 64k; request_pool_size 4k; output_buffers 4 32k; postpone_output 1460; client_body_temp_path /tmp/nginx/client_body; proxy_temp_path /tmp/nginx/proxy; fastcgi_temp_path /tmp/nginx/fastcgi; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_comp_level 3; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml; gzip_vary on; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; include vhosts/*.conf; } EOF # nginx_vhosts.conf cat > /etc/nginx/vhosts/www.conf << EOF server { listen 80; server_name $(ifconfig eth0 | awk -F"[ :]+" ‘/inet addr/{print $4}‘); index index.html index.htm index.php index.jsp; charset UTF8; root /data/www/html; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; } EOF mkdir /data/www/html -p && echo $(ifconfig eth0 | awk -F"[ :]+" ‘/inet addr/{print $4}‘) > /data/www/html/index.html /usr/sbin/nginx -t && /usr/sbin/nginx echo echo "--------------------------------" echo "Install ${nginx_v} success" echo "Test http://$(ifconfig eth0 | awk -F"[ :]+" ‘/inet addr/{print $4}‘)" else echo "Already installed ${nginx_v}" fi
四、在两台Director上配置keepalived
1、配置keepalived
# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { [email protected] [email protected] } notification_email_from [email protected] smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_HA } vrrp_instance LVS_HA { state BACKUP # 主备服务器均为BACKUP interface eth0 # 指定keepalived监听网络的接口 virtual_router_id 81 # ID标识,master和backup保持一致 priority 100 # backup为90 advert_int 2 # master和backup之间检查同步的时间间隔 nopreempt # 不抢占模式,仅在master上设置 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.0.0.20/24 dev eth0 # VIP,可以设置多个,每行一个 } } virtual_server 10.0.0.20 80 { # (LVS配置) delay_loop 5 # (每隔5秒查询realserver状态) lb_algo wlc # (lvs算法) lb_kind DR # (lvs负载均衡模式) persistence_timeout 0 # (保持会话时间,0表示永久保持) persistence_granularity 255.255.255.255 # (持久连接的粒度,默认为4个255,即一个单独的客户端IP分配到一个Realserver上) protocol TCP # (转发的协议类型,TCP或UDP) sorry_server 10.0.0.11 8080 # (备用Realserver节点,当所有的realserver节点失效后,将启用这个节点) real_server 10.0.0.13 80 { # Realserver weight 2 # (调度权重) HTTP_GET { # (健康检测方式) url { # (指定检测的url,可以指定多个) path /index.html # (url详细路径) status_code 200 } connect_port 80 # (检查的端口) #bindto 10.0.0.20 # (表示通过此地址来发送请求对服务器进行健康检查) connect_timeout 3 # (无响应超时时间) nb_get_retry 3 # (失败重试次数) delay_before_retry 1 # (重试时间间隔) } } real_server 10.0.0.14 80 { weight 2 # (调度权重) HTTP_GET { # (健康检测方式) url { # (指定检测的url,可以指定多个) path /index.html # (url详细路径) status_code 200 } connect_port 80 # (检查的端口) #bindto 10.0.0.20 # (表示通过此地址来发送请求对服务器进行健康检查) connect_timeout 3 # (无响应超时时间) nb_get_retry 3 # (失败重试次数) delay_before_retry 1 # (重试时间间隔) } }
2、分别启动keepalived服务
[[email protected] ~]# service keepalived start [[email protected] ~]# service keepalived start [[email protected] ~]# ps aux | grep keepalived root 4008 0.0 0.1 44928 1080 ? Ss 19:01 0:00 keepalived -D root 4009 0.1 0.2 47152 2332 ? S 19:01 0:00 keepalived -D root 4010 0.1 0.1 47032 1608 ? S 19:01 0:00 keepalived -D root 4018 0.0 0.0 103256 864 pts/0 S+ 19:03 0:00 grep keepalived
3、查看LVS状态
# master上 [[email protected] ~]# ipvsadm -L -n IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP 10.0.0.20:80 wlc persistent 0 -> 10.0.0.13:80 Route 2 0 0 -> 10.0.0.14:80 Route 2 0 0 # backup上 [[email protected] ~]# ipvsadm -L -n IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP 10.0.0.20:80 wlc persistent 0 -> 10.0.0.13:80 Route 2 0 0 -> 10.0.0.14:80 Route 2 0 0
4、查看VIP(VIP默认分配在priority权值高的Director上)
[[email protected] ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:5a:9d:e0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.0.11/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global eth0 inet 10.0.0.20/24 scope global secondary eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe5a:9de0/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
五、在两台Realserver上分别在回环接口上配置vip和关闭arp转发
# 查看系统默认arp规则 [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore 0 [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce 0 [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore 0 [[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce 0 在两台Realserver上执行以下脚本 # lvs_dr_rs.sh #!/bin/bash vip=10.0.0.20 ifconfig lo:0 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up route add -host $vip lo:0 echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce [[email protected] ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet 10.0.0.20/32 brd 10.0.0.20 scope global lo:0 inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:c5:b4:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.0.13/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fec5:b419/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [[email protected] ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet 10.0.0.20/32 brd 10.0.0.20 scope global lo:0 inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:42:34:4f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.0.14/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe42:344f/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
六、测试LVS负载功能
# 这里分别在node3和node4上访问VIP,在我的keepalived配置里我配置了wlc最小连接调度算法, 和权值为2,所以访问的效果如下 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.13 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.13 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.14 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.14
七、测试主Director故障,看是否实现故障转移(vip转至backup上)
# 关闭主Director的keepalived服务 [[email protected] ~]# service keepalived stop Stopping keepalived: [ OK ] # 查看BACKUP的ip [[email protected] ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:42:43:20 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.0.12/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global eth0 inet 10.0.0.20/24 scope global secondary eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe42:4320/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever # 测试是否还能正常通过vip访问web服务 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.13 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.13 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.14 [[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.0.0.20 10.0.0.14
八、在Realserver配置DR模式启动服务脚本
# cat lvs-dr-rs.service #!/bin/bash . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions vip=10.0.0.20 RETVAL=$? case "$1" in start) echo "Start realserver" ifconfig lo:0 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up route add -host $vip dev lo:0 echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "2" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce ;; stop) echo "Stop realserver" ifconfig lo:0 down echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce ;; *) echo Usage: $0 {start|stop} exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL
时间: 2024-10-20 11:41:58