使用CentOS软件过程中,可能需要用编译使用.src的软件源码包,有些是因为需要某些功能,有些是需要某个版本,以下以httpd为例:
下载源码httpd并编译
[[email protected] ~]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.6.tar.bz2
[[email protected] ~]# cd httpd-2.4.6; ls #看到install文件
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]# cat install #查看帮助,有些软件是README
...
$ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX
$ make
$ make install
$ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start
...
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]#./configure --help #查看编译帮助
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd2
... #出现错误提示,如果没有此提示,则跳过错误步骤
configure: error: APR not found. Please read the documentation.
[[email protected] ~]# yum install apr apr-util
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd2 --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from #错误提示
[[email protected] ~]# yum install pcre
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd2 --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]# make
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]# make install
[[email protected] httpd-2.4.6]# cd /usr/local/apache2;ls
bin build cgi-bin error htdocs icons include logs lib man manual modules
[[email protected] apache2]# bin/apachectl start
[[email protected] apache2]# ss -tnl #查看80端口出现,表示成功启动
编译安装软件包时,如果是安装在系统默认的安装位置/usr/local则不需要配置软件(但这样不方便以后彻底删除),如果是安装在自定义的路径下,则需要进行以下后续的配置,方便软件(像rpm/yum安装那样)使用;后续配置如下
[[email protected] apache2]# vim /etc/profile.d/apache2.sh #配置系统的软件启动方式
export PATH=/usr/local/apache2/bin:$PATH
[[email protected] apache2]# . /etc/profile.d/apache2.sh
[[email protected] apache2]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/apache2/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[[email protected] apache2]# apachectl stop
[[email protected] apache2]# ss -tnl #80端口关闭,表示配置apachectl命令成功,以后不需要用绝对路径启动,停止。
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/apache2.conf #导出库文件路径
/usr/local/apache2/lib
[[email protected] ~]# ldconfig -v #重新生成库文件缓存
[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/loacl/apache2/include /usr/include/ #导出头文件
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf #centos 7 ( centos6为/etc/man.conf)
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/apache2/man #导出man手册
一些常用参数说明:
--prefix=: #默认安装位置
--sysconfdir=: #配置文件安装位置
System types:
--disable-FEATURE #禁用某功能
--enable-FEATURE[=ARG] #开启某功能
--with-PACKAGE[=ARG] #依赖某包
--without-PACKAGE #忽略某依赖包
其它的源码软件包类似这样编译,主要查看软件包的INSTALL或README及编译时的./configure帮助
原文地址:http://blog.51cto.com/10201808/2147280