转载地址：http://blog.itechol.com/space.php?uid=33&do=blog&id=6681
1、mysql语句中 反引号 【`】作用： 避免表明、字段名与mysql已存在的【保留字】冲突，引起不知名错误。
2、所以我们建表和字段时候，特别需要注意，尽量使用全拼/下划线 来设置字段和表名
3、连接不同数据库查询，一定不要加【`】反引号，否则会被解析成 单个表
4、为了区分MYSQL的保留字与普通字符而引入的符号。
举个例子：SELECT `select` FROM `test` WHERE select=‘字段值‘
在test表中，有个select字段，如果不用反引号，MYSQL将把select视为保留字而导致出错，所以，有MYSQL保留字作为字段的，必须加上反引号来区分。
引号一般用在字段的值,如果字段值是字符或字符串，则要加引号，如：select=‘字段值‘
不加反引号建的表不能包含MYSQL保留字，否则出错
5、mysql常见的保留字
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使用mysql时一定要注意，不要使用它的保留字作为表名或者列名，否则会出现莫名其妙的错误。
昨天建了一个表，其中一列名为interval(时间间隔)，结果数据死都插不进去，最后才发现原来interval是mysql的保留字。
以后出现类似的错误要先想想是不是因为表名或列名冲突造成的啊。
从网上找了一个mysql的保留字列表，仅供参考。
| ADD | ALL | ALTER |
| ANALYZE | AND | AS |
| ASC | ASENSITIVE | BEFORE |
| BETWEEN | BIGINT | BINARY |
| BLOB | BOTH | BY |
| CALL | CASCADE | CASE |
| CHANGE | CHAR | CHARACTER |
| CHECK | COLLATE | COLUMN |
| CONDITION | CONNECTION | CONSTRAINT |
| CONTINUE | CONVERT | CREATE |
| CROSS | CURRENT_DATE | CURRENT_TIME |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | CURRENT_USER | CURSOR |
| DATABASE | DATABASES | DAY_HOUR |
| DAY_MICROSECOND | DAY_MINUTE | DAY_SECOND |
| DEC | DECIMAL | DECLARE |
| DEFAULT | DELAYED | DELETE |
| DESC | DESCRIBE | DETERMINISTIC |
| DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW | DIV |
| DOUBLE | DROP | DUAL |
| EACH | ELSE | ELSEIF |
| ENCLOSED | ESCAPED | EXISTS |
| EXIT | EXPLAIN | FALSE |
| FETCH | FLOAT | FLOAT4 |
| FLOAT8 | FOR | FORCE |
| FOREIGN | FROM | FULLTEXT |
| GOTO | GRANT | GROUP |
| HAVING | HIGH_PRIORITY | HOUR_MICROSECOND |
| HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | IF |
| IGNORE | IN | INDEX |
| INFILE | INNER | INOUT |
| INSENSITIVE | INSERT | INT |
| INT1 | INT2 | INT3 |
| INT4 | INT8 | INTEGER |
| INTERVAL | INTO | IS |
| ITERATE | JOIN | KEY |
| KEYS | KILL | LABEL |
| LEADING | LEAVE | LEFT |
| LIKE | LIMIT | LINEAR |
| LINES | LOAD | LOCALTIME |
| LOCALTIMESTAMP | LOCK | LONG |
| LONGBLOB | LONGTEXT | LOOP |
| LOW_PRIORITY | MATCH | MEDIUMBLOB |
| MEDIUMINT | MEDIUMTEXT | MIDDLEINT |
| MINUTE_MICROSECOND | MINUTE_SECOND | MOD |
| MODIFIES | NATURAL | NOT |
| NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | NULL | NUMERIC |
| ON | OPTIMIZE | OPTION |
| OPTIONALLY | OR | ORDER |
| OUT | OUTER | OUTFILE |
| PRECISION | PRIMARY | PROCEDURE |
| PURGE | RAID0 | RANGE |
| READ | READS | REAL |
| REFERENCES | REGEXP | RELEASE |
| RENAME | REPEAT | REPLACE |
| REQUIRE | RESTRICT | RETURN |
| REVOKE | RIGHT | RLIKE |
| SCHEMA | SCHEMAS | SECOND_MICROSECOND |
| SELECT | SENSITIVE | SEPARATOR |
| SET | SHOW | SMALLINT |
| SPATIAL | SPECIFIC | SQL |
| SQLEXCEPTION | SQLSTATE | SQLWARNING |
| SQL_BIG_RESULT | SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS | SQL_SMALL_RESULT |
| SSL | STARTING | STRAIGHT_JOIN |
| TABLE | TERMINATED | THEN |
| TINYBLOB | TINYINT | TINYTEXT |
| TO | TRAILING | TRIGGER |
| TRUE | UNDO | UNION |
| UNIQUE | UNLOCK | UNSIGNED |
| UPDATE | USAGE | USE |
| USING | UTC_DATE | UTC_TIME |
| UTC_TIMESTAMP | VALUES | VARBINARY |
| VARCHAR | VARCHARACTER | VARYING |
| WHEN | WHERE | WHILE |
| WITH | WRITE | X509 |
| XOR | YEAR_MONTH | ZEROFILL |
注：MySQL允许部分关键字用做未引起来的识别符，因为许多人以前曾使用过它们。
如：ACTION、BIT、DATE、ENUM、NO、TEXT、TIME、TIMESTAMP
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xuzhengzong/p/9049246.html