Hadoop自身是没有安全认证的,所以需要引入第三方的安全认证机制。kerberos是hadoop比较受欢迎的一种认证方式。kerberos配置比较简单。但是实际使用的时候,如果不严格遵守游戏规则。你会经常遇到“奇怪”的问题。
1. 安装kerberos的软件包
yum install krb5* vi /etc/krb5.conf
2. 修改kerberos的配置文件
# more /etc/krb5.conf [logging] default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log [libdefaults] default_realm = LIANG.COM dns_lookup_realm = false dns_lookup_kdc = false ticket_lifetime = 24h renew_lifetime = 2d forwardable = false [realms] LIANG.COM = { kdc = c6701 admin_server = c6701 default_domain = liang.com key_stash_file = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/.k5.LIANG.COM dict_file = /usr/share/dict/words } [domain_realm] .liang.com = LIANG.COM liang.com = LIANG.COM
3. 修改kdc配置文件
cat /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kdc.conf [kdcdefaults] kdc_ports = 88 kdc_tcp_ports = 88 [realms] LIANG.COM = { kadmind_port = 749 master_key_type = aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 acl_file = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl dict_file = /usr/share/dict/words supported_enctypes = des3-cbc-sha1:normal max_life = 24h 0m 0s max_renewable_life = 7d 0h 0m 0s dict_file = /usr/share/dict/words key_stash_file = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/.k5.LIANG.COM database_name = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/principal }
执行命令创建kdc数据库
kdb5_util create -s -r HADOOP.LIANG.COM
4. 给数据库管理员添加ACL权限,修改kadm5.acl文件,*代表全部权限
# cat /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl */[email protected] *
5. 启动服务
# service krb5kdc start # service kadmin start # service krb5kdc status # service kadmin status # chkconfig krb5kdc on # chkconfig kadmin on
6. 补充:在每个客户端的系统参数/etc/profile中,加上下面参数,确保每次su - user都能使用同一个tgt,而不是创建一个新的,而找不到,最终导致su的用户kinit失败
# workaround for kerberos loging export KRB5CCNAME=FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_`id -u`
7. 创建principal
kadmin.local -q "addprinc -pw <password> <username>"
针对hadoop用户,增加主机名,一同创建principal,增加安全性。
注意:hadoop只能通过小写的主机名进行注册。如果主机名有大写字母,手动改成小写。后续kinit的时候,也是使用小写的。hadoop会自动将大写的主机名变成小写。
kadmin.local -q "addprinc -pw <password> hdfs/<hostname>"
8. 创建keytab
kadmin.local -q "ktadd -norandkey -k /root/keytab/<username>.keytab <username>"
9. 注册
kinit -kt /root/keytab/hdfs.keytab <username>
针对hadoop用户,增加主机名,一同创建principal,增加安全性。
kinit -kt /root/keytab/hdfs.keytab hdfs/`hostname`
10. 查询当前用户的kinit情况
$ klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_1098 Default principal: hdfs/[email protected] Valid starting Expires Service principal 03/26/18 17:19:04 03/27/18 17:19:04 krbtgt/[email protected] renew until 04/02/18 17:19:04
11. 查询keytab文件内容
$ klist -kt /etc/security/keytab/hdfs.keytab Keytab name: FILE:/root/keytab/hdfs.keytab KVNO Timestamp Principal ---- ----------------- -------------------------------------------------------- 1 04/07/17 16:16:04 hdfs/[email protected] 1 04/07/17 16:16:04 hdfs/[email protected] 1 04/07/17 16:16:05 hdfs/[email protected]
12. 查询KDC,用户列表
kadmin.local -q "listprincs"
13. 删除用户
kadmin.local -q "delprinc -force HTTP/[email protected]"
14. 修改密码
kpasswd 用户名
原文地址:http://blog.51cto.com/hsbxxl/2091272
时间: 2024-10-25 14:59:28