应答文件的制作方式：
cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg 参考模板进行制作
yum install system-config-kickstart 使用图形工具进行制作
system-config-kickstart 启动工具进行设置
centos6：将应答文件放到共享网络访问中以便进行系统的安装
依靠光盘和应答文件的半自动化安装：
（1）搭建存放应答文件的共享服务 在额外机器上
yum install vsftpd
systemctl start vsftpd
cp ks.cfg /var/ftp/pub/ks6-mini.cfg
vim /var/ftp/pub/ks6-mini.cfg 应答文件模板
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
#Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
#Install OS instead of upgrade
install
#Use network installation
url --url="http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/"
#Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$pJZ2W0AP$nFQbRMMdRE1/YO4ddglBi0
#System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
#Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
#System keyboard
keyboard us
#System language
lang en_US
#SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
#Installation logging level
logging --level=info
#Reboot after installation
reboot
#System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
#Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on
#System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
#Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
#Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
#Disk partitioning information
part / --fstype="ext4" --size=10240
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=1024
%post
mkdir /root/.ssh/
cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAruUSGJQ6UYn45lD0TRifnqYzy5izR6Eskjk0DV25Eplc7TDHqKH/98WatoN3l0zyM+v9IWxlg2HCaLdm0dreRVu7YP6q0NO9yyu+dgsasTVNdrNJi5B3qRhpLvboSbltVqdC9eT7txmCp7ZMcUH1YqcPSRnf/DulaeIJYmtivHG68X0WGPgTPcGSZ1ujXs6Ho/v8i+3bPnZ+w+KMMI9ajCCzoG9mV7+zshAQ6hdlMaKbosabYcDXCZJ4Q5EUtpjap0nK6nKsVi6TPU+o7GlD1UJF4qUXNGmcP79erp+TxCVEujgA3JP0TdgYXVu4fDw8rppNfxVejd+Kt00yxlMZEw== [email protected]
EOF
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[hello]
name=base_centos6
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
EOF
useradd wang
echo 123789|passwd --stdin wang &> /dev/null
%end
%packages
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
vim-enhanced
lrzsz
%end
（2）应答文件见linux资料的pxe资料中
（3）创建虚拟机，设置网络模式
（4）按ESC，进入光盘启动界面
（5）按TAB键，进入选项设置界面
（6）添加选项
ks=ftp://192.168.43.60/pub/ks6-mini.cfg ip=192.168.43.52 netmask=255.255.255.0
centos7：将ks文件和iso镜像仓库共享到同一个httpd服务目录下以安装系统
使用system-config-kickstart工具进行应答文件的制作时会找不到待选择安装的包的信息：
此时需要将base仓库名改成development，然后重启system-config-kickstart程序即可
yum install httpd
systemctl start httpd
cd /var/www/html/
mkdir ks
mkdir centos/7 -pv
vim ks/ks7-desktop.cfg 编辑应答文件
#version=DEVEL
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use CDROM installation media
url --url=http://192.168.43.60/centos/7/
#cdrom
# Use graphical install
text
#graphical
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts=‘us‘
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8
selinux --disabled
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 --onboot=on --ipv6=auto --activate
network --hostname=centos7.yongstar.tech
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$UrJjRqHwvRhBAASK$Z/4YajRVYaXxtxgp2Q7c0IU0wYN6Wgo8ImM8KH6KGVKkPdXkXt8NoLW.igTbEO/npImGvC0H/p3lB0gCxcOQP/
# System services
services --disabled="chronyd"
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
user --name=wang --password=$6$lLulhDZMW4jlO7GX$8LZgrCv.0f8AiqkIUf.TCfQtcUFd4iG5smtp6nNQicseSBB88VIcLK1TOl.BU7PJ4vRKTnVSZKqlO3hH6tgOu/ --iscrypted --gecos="wang"
# X Window System configuration information
xconfig --startxonboot
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=2048
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
part /app --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=20480
#autopart --type=lvm
# Partition clearing information
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
%packages
@^gnome-desktop-environment
@base
@core
@desktop-debugging
@directory-client
@fonts
@gnome-apps
@gnome-desktop
@guest-agents
@guest-desktop-agents
@input-methods
@internet-browser
@network-file-system-client
@networkmanager-submodules
@x11
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb=‘auto‘
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end
%post
mkdir /root/.ssh/
cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAruUSGJQ6UYn45lD0TRifnqYzy5izR6Eskjk0DV25Eplc7TDHqKH/98WatoN3l0zyM+v9IWxlg2HCaLdm0dreRVu7YP6q0NO9yyu+dgsasTVNdrNJi5B3qRhpLvboSbltVqdC9eT7txmCp7ZMcUH1YqcPSRnf/DulaeIJYmtivHG68X0WGPgTPcGSZ1ujXs6Ho/v8i+3bPnZ+w+KMMI9ajCCzoG9mV7+zshAQ6hdlMaKbosabYcDXCZJ4Q5EUtpjap0nK6nKsVi6TPU+o7GlD1UJF4qUXNGmcP79erp+TxCVEujgA3JP0TdgYXVu4fDw8rppNfxVejd+Kt00yxlMZEw== [email protected]
EOF
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[hello]
name=base_centos7
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
EOF
useradd wang
echo 123789|passwd --stdin wang &> /dev/null
%end
chmod 644 ks/ks7-desktop.cfg 设置可读权限
yum install pykickstart 安装能检测应答文件语法的包
ksvalidator ks/ks7-desktop.cfg 检测应答文件的语法
mount /dev/sr0 centos/7/ 挂载iso文件到目录下以共享
如果没有光盘设备：
cp /dev/sr0 centos7.iso 制作iso镜像文件
mount centos7.iso centos/7/ 挂载iso文件到目录下
目前此实验还需挂载光盘引导安装系统原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/angwoyufengtian/2129537
时间： 2024-10-10 14:17:37