[leedcode 42] Trapping Rain Water

Given n non-negative integers representing an elevation map where the width of each bar is 1, compute how much water it is able to trap after raining.

For example, 
Given [0,1,0,2,1,0,1,3,2,1,2,1], return 6.

The above elevation map is represented by array [0,1,0,2,1,0,1,3,2,1,2,1]. In this case, 6 units of rain water (blue section) are being trapped. Thanks Marcos for contributing this image!

public class Solution {
    //动态规划,构造两个数组leftMax和rightMax,分别代表左侧最高的柱子和右侧最高的柱子
    //leftMax[i]=Math.max(leftMax[i-1],height[i-1],右侧亦然,注意leftMax[i]表示i左侧最大的柱子,不包括i
    //因此每个节点能够装水的容量可以通过Math.min(rightMax[i],leftMax[i])-height[i],求装水的总容量时,只需遍历该数组即可。
    //注意求每个节点装水的容量,可以复用之前的rightMax数组。
    //此解法时间复杂度是O(n),空间复杂度也是O(n)
    public int trap(int[] height) {
       /* int res=0;
        int len=height.length;
        if(len<=2) return res;
        int leftMax[]=new int[len];
        leftMax[0]=0;
        int rightMax[]=new int[len];
        rightMax[len-1]=0;
        for(int i=1;i<len;i++){
            leftMax[i]=Math.max(leftMax[i-1],height[i-1]);
        }
        for(int i=len-2;i>=0;i--){
            rightMax[i]=Math.max(rightMax[i+1],height[i+1]);
        }
        for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
            rightMax[i]=Math.min(rightMax[i],leftMax[i])-height[i];
            if(rightMax[i]>0) res+=rightMax[i];
        }
        return res;*/

        //此解法的时间复杂度是O(n),只需要遍历一遍。空间复杂度是O(1)
        //思路是采用l和r两个指针,维护装水两边的位置。
        //当l处高度低时,说明l右侧装的水肯定和l处一样高,此时逐步右移l,同是加上l处与右移后位置高度差(因为这里都能装水啊),直到再遇到同样         //高或者更高的位置。然后进行下一轮判断。
        //同样,当r处高度低时,说明r左侧的水肯定和r处一样高,此时逐步左移r,同是加上r处与左移后位置高度差,直到再遇到同样高或者更高的位置。
        //最后直到l和r相遇,结束。
        int res=0;
        int l=0;
        int len=height.length;
        int r=len-1;
        while(l<r){
            int temp=Math.min(height[l],height[r]);
            if(temp==height[l]){
                l++;
                while(l<r&&height[l]<=temp){
                    res+=temp-height[l];
                    l++;
                }

            }
            else{
                 r--;
                 while(l<r&&height[r]<=temp){
                    res+=temp-height[r];
                    r--;
                }

            }
        }
        return res;
    }
}
时间: 2024-08-06 15:04:22

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