阅读目录
本文以一个生成、获取“客户列表”的demo来介绍如何用js调用wcf，以及遇到的各种问题。
1 创建WCF服务
1.1 定义接口
创建一个接口，指定用json的格式：
[ServiceContract]
interface IQueue
{
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped, RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
void Add(string roomName);
[OperationContract]
[WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json)]
List<string> GetAll();
}
1.2 接口实现
实现上面的接口，并加上AspNetCompatibilityRequirements 和 JavascriptCallbackBehavior ：
.
[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
[JavascriptCallbackBehavior(UrlParameterName = "callback")]
public class Queue : IQueue
{
static readonly ObjManager<string, ClientQueue> m_Queues;
static Queue()
{
m_Queues = new ObjManager<string, ClientQueue>();
}
public void Add(string roomName)
{
m_Queues.Add(roomName, new ClientQueue() { CreateTime = DateTime.Now });
}
public List<string> GetAll()
{
return m_Queues.GetAllQueues().OrderBy(q => q.Value.CreateTime).Select(q => q.Key).ToList();
}
}
.
这里使用了一个静态的构造函数，这样它就只会被调用一次，以免每次调用时都会初始化队列。
1.3 定义服务
添加一个wcf service, 就一行：
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Youda.WebUI.Service.Impl.Queue" CodeBehind="~/Service.Impl/Queue.cs" %>
整体结构如下：
.
2 调用WCF
客户端调用Add方法，创建一组对话：
.
var data = { ‘roomName‘: clientID };
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "Service/Queue.svc/Add",
data: JSON.stringify(data),
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
dataType: "json",
processData: true,
success: function (msg) {
ServiceSucceeded(msg);
},
error: ServiceFailed
});
.
客服端取所有的客户：
.
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "Service/Queue.svc/GetAll",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
dataType: "json",
processData: true,
success: function (result) {
ServiceSucceeded(result);
},
error: ServiceFailed
});
.
3 配置
webconfig配置如下：
.
<system.serviceModel>
<serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" minFreeMemoryPercentageToActivateService="0" />
<bindings>
<webHttpBinding>
<binding name="HttpBind" openTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:10:00"
maxBufferSize="5242880" maxBufferPoolSize="5242880" maxReceivedMessageSize="5242880"
crossDomainScriptAccessEnabled="true" />
<binding name="HttpsBind" sendTimeout="00:10:00" maxBufferSize="5242880"
maxReceivedMessageSize="5242880" crossDomainScriptAccessEnabled="true">
<security mode="Transport">
<transport clientCredentialType="None" />
</security>
</binding>
</webHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<behaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="web">
<webHttp helpEnabled="true" />
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="ServiceBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
</behavior>
<behavior name="web">
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehavior" name="Youda.WebUI.Service.Impl.Queue">
<endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="HttpBind" name="HttpBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IQueue" />
<endpoint behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="HttpsBind" name="httpsBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IQueue" />
</service>
<service behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehavior" name="Youda.WebUI.Service.Impl.Chat">
<endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="HttpBind" name="HttpBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IChat" />
<endpoint behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="HttpsBind" name="HttpsBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IChat" />
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
.
4 遇到的各种坑
4.1 Status 为 200， status text为 ok， 但报错
http STATUS 是200，但是回调的却是error方法
查了下资料，应该是dataType的原因，dataType为json，但是返回的data不是json格式
于是将ajax方法里把参数dataType："json"去掉就ok了
4.2 Json 数据请求报错（400 错误 ）
详细的错误信息如下：
Service call failed:
status: 400 ; status text: Bad Request ; response text: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
The server encountered an error processing the request. The exception message is ‘The formatter threw an exception while trying to deserialize the message: There was an error while trying to deserialize parameter http://tempuri.org/:content. The InnerException message was ‘There was an error deserializing the object of type System.String. Encountered invalid character…
解决方法是，要用JSON.stringify把data转一下，跟
data: ‘{"clientID":"‘ + clientID + ‘", "serviceID":"‘ + serviceID + ‘", "content":"‘ + content + ‘"}‘,
这样与拼是一样的效果，但明显简单多了
参考上面Add方法的调用。
4.3 参数没传进wcf方法里
调试进了这个方法，但参数全为空，发现用的是webget，改成post后就行了
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
List<string> GetMsg(string clientID, int count);
4.4 使用https时遇到了404 、 500的错误
先添加https的binding：
再设置下Service Behaviors：
详细的配置，可参考上面的完整文本配置
4.5 其它配置
时间设置长点， size设置大点：
<binding name="HttpBind" openTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:10:00"
maxBufferSize="5242880" maxBufferPoolSize="5242880" maxReceivedMessageSize="5242880"
crossDomainScriptAccessEnabled="true" />
使用webHttpBinding 的binding；name和 contract 要写全：
<service behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehavior" name="Youda.WebUI.Service.Impl.Queue">
<endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="web" binding="webHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="HttpBind" name="HttpBind" contract="Youda.WebUI.Service.Interface.IQueue" />