[LeetCode] Linked List Cycle II, Solution

  • Question :

      Given a linked list, return the node where the cycle begins. If there is no cycle, return null.

      Follow up:
      Can you solve it without using extra space?

  • Anaylsis :
    •   

      首先,比较直观的是,先使用Linked List Cycle I的办法,判断是否有cycle。如果有,则从头遍历节点,对于每一个节点,查询是否在环里面,是个O(n^2)的法子。但是仔细想一想,发现这是个数学题。

      如下图,假设linked list有环,环长Y,环以外的长度是X。

      现在有两个指针,第一个指针,每走一次走一步,第二个指针每走一次走两步,如果他们走了t次之后相遇在K点

      那么       指针一  走的路是      t = X + nY + K        ①

      指针二  走的路是     2t = X + mY+ K       ②          m,n为未知数

      把等式一代入到等式二中, 有

      2X + 2nY + 2K = X + mY + K

      =>   X+K  =  (m-2n)Y    ③

      这就清晰了,X和K的关系是基于Y互补的。等于说,两个指针相遇以后,再往下走X步就回到Cycle的起点了。这就可以有O(n)的实现了。

    • from : http://fisherlei.blogspot.tw/2013/11/leetcode-linked-list-cycle-ii-solution.html
  • Code :
    •   

      /**
       * Definition for singly-linked list.
       * struct ListNode {
       *     int val;
       *     struct ListNode *next;
       * };
       */
      struct ListNode *detectCycle(struct ListNode *head) {
          if(!head) return NULL;
          struct ListNode* slow=head;
          struct ListNode* fast=head;
          while(fast && fast->next) {
              fast = fast->next->next;
              slow = slow->next;
              if (slow == fast) break;
          }
          if(!fast || !fast->next) return NULL;
          while (slow != head) {
              slow = slow->next;
              head = head->next;
          }
          return slow;
      }
时间: 2024-10-10 01:46:32

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