一、校验器的配置风格
1、字段校验器：
<field name="被校验的字段">
<field-validator type="校验器名">
<!--此处需要为不同校验器指定数量不等的校验规则-->
<param name="参数名">参数值</param>
....................
<!--校验失败后的提示信息，其中key指定国际化信息的key-->
<message>校验失败后的提示信息</message>
<!--校验失败后的提示信息:建议用getText("I18Nkey"),否则可能出现Freemarker template Error-->
</field-vallidator>
<!-- 如果校验字段满足多个规则，下面可以配置多个校验器-->
</field>
2、非字段校验器（本实例所使用）：
<validator type="校验器名">
<param name="fieldName">需要被校验的字段</param>
<!--此处需要为不同校验器指定数量不等的校验规则-->
<param name="参数名">参数值</param>
<message>校验失败后的提示信息</message>
</validator>
两种配置只是风格上的不同，没有本质区别。
二、实例
本注册项目中使用了4个内置校验器。项目只有一个注册页面(register2.jsp)，对应的业务控制器(Register2Action.java)。如果输入的数据经内置验证器验证成功，跳转到success1.jsp。
实例步骤如下：
注意：
Register2Action.java和Register2Action-validation.xml在同一个包validatorAction内
register2.jsp和success1.jsp在WebContent下(我用的是Eclipse)同一个文件夹validate内
1、web.xml配置FilterDispatcher
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<filter>
<!-- 配置Struts2核心Filter的名字 -->
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<!-- 配置Struts2核心Filter的实现类 -->
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- 配置Filter拦截的URL -->
<filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置Struts2的核心FilterDispatcher拦截所有用户请求 -->
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
2、编写视图组件（JSP页面）
(1)注册页面（register2.jsp）
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>用户注册页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
请输入信息：
<hr>
<s:form action="register2" method="post">
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>
<s:textfield name="userName" label="姓名" size="16" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<s:password name="userPassword" label="密码" size="18" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<s:password name="ruserPassword" label="再次输入密码" size="18" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<s:textfield name="userAge" label="年龄" size="16" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<s:textfield name="userTelephone" label="电话" size="16" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<s:textfield name="userEmail" label="邮箱" size="16" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<s:submit value="提交" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</s:form>
</center>
</body>
</html>
(2)验证成功页面(success1.jsp)
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>校验成功</title>
</head>
<body>
校验通过，用户信息如下：
<hr>
姓名：<s:property value="userName" />
<br>
密码：<s:property value="userPassword" />
<br>
年龄：<s:property value="userAge" />
<br>
电话：<s:property value="userTelephone" />
<br>
邮箱：<s:property value="userEmail" />
</body>
</html>
3、编写业务控制器(Register2Action.java)
package validatorAction;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class Register2Action extends ActionSupport{
private String userName;
private String userPassword;
private String ruserPassword;
private int userTelephone;
private int userAge;
private String userEmail;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getUserPassword() {
return userPassword;
}
public void setUserPassword(String userPassword) {
this.userPassword = userPassword;
}
public String getRuserPassword() {
return ruserPassword;
}
public void setRuserPassword(String ruserPassword) {
this.ruserPassword = ruserPassword;
}
public int getUserTelephone() {
return userTelephone;
}
public void setUserTelephone(int userTelephone) {
this.userTelephone = userTelephone;
}
public int getUserAge() {
return userAge;
}
public void setUserAge(int userAge) {
this.userAge = userAge;
}
public String getUserEmail() {
return userEmail;
}
public void setUserEmail(String userEmail) {
this.userEmail = userEmail;
}
public String execute(){
return "success";
}
}
4、配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="intercept" extends="struts-default">
<action name="register2" class="validatorAction.Register2Action">
<result name="input">/validate/register2.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/validate/success1.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
5、内置验证器的验证文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">
<validators>
<!-- 字符串长度校验器 ，校验userName属性-->
<validator type="stringlength">
<param name="fieldName">userName</param>
<param name="maxLength">16</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<message>姓名长度为${minLength}到${maxLength}个字符！</message>
</validator>
<!-- 字符串长度校验器 ，校验userPassword属性-->
<validator type="stringlength">
<param name="fieldName">userPassword</param>
<param name="maxLength">16</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<message>密码长度为${minLength}到${maxLength}个字符！</message>
</validator>
<!-- 字段表达式校验器-->
<validator type="fieldexpression">
<param name="fieldName">userPassword</param>
<param name="expression">
<!-- 验证两次输入的密码是否相同 -->
<![CDATA[userPassword==ruserPassword]]>
</param>
<message>两次密码不一致！</message>
</validator>
<!-- 整数校验器-->
<validator type="int">
<param name="fieldName">userAge</param>
<param name="min">1</param>
<param name="max">130</param>
<message>年龄必须在${min}到${max}之间！</message>
</validator>
<!-- 整数校验器 -->
<validator type="int">
<param name="fieldName">userTelephone</param>
<param name="min">22222222</param>
<param name="max">99999999</param>
<message>电话必须在${min}到${max}之间的八位号码！</message>
</validator>
<!-- 邮件地址校验器-->
<validator type="email">
<param name="fieldName">userEmail</param>
<message>请使用正确的邮件格式！</message>
</validator>
</validators>
如果验证失败：
检查stringlength等属性的大小写，还有字段是否和前面匹配；
查看struts-2.3.28.1\src\xwork-core\src\main\resources\xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd文件，拷贝前4行代码，因版本而异。
时间： 2024-12-10 08:32:54