C++顺序容器
1、C++的顺序容器包括:vector、list、deque。
2、初始化顺序容器的5中方法:
(1)Create an empty container:
list<string> slist;
vector<int> vec;
(2)Create a container of some size. Each element is initialized to its default value.(Recall that the default value for the build-in arithmetic types such as int and double is 0.)
list<int> m_list(5);
vector<string> s_vec(5);
#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> using namespace std; template<typename T> void display(vector<T> &vec) { for (int i = 0; i < vec.size(); ++i) cout << vec[i] << ‘ ‘; cout << endl; } int main() { vector<int> int_vec(5); display(int_vec); vector<float> float_vec(5); display(float_vec); vector<double> double_vec(5); display(double_vec); vector<char> char_vec(5); display(char_vec); vector<string> string_vec(5); display(string_vec); system("pause"); return 0; }
运行结果为:
(3)Create a container of a given size and specify an inital value for each element:
vector<int> vec(10,3);
list<string> s_list(6,"hello");
(4)Create a container, providing an iterator pair marking a range of elements with which to initalize the container:
int a[]={1,2,3,4,5};
vecotr<int> s(a,a+3);
(5)Create a container,providing a second container object.
list<string> a_list;
list<sring> list_2(a_list);
3、插入、删除
(1)push_back():在容器末尾插入元素;
(2)pop_back():删除容器末尾的元素;
(3)push_front():适用于list、deque容器,在容器开头插入元素;
(4)pop_front():适用于list、deque容器,删除容器的第一个元素;
(5)front():获取第一个元素;
(6)back():返回最后一个元素;