下载相应软件包
wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs/1.41.14/e2fsprogs-1.41.14.tar.gz wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/extundelete/extundelete/0.2.4/extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2 wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs/1.41.14/e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.14.tar.gz
安装顺序：e2fsprogs --> e2fsprogs-libs --> extundelete 逐一编译安装
tar xf e2fsprogs-1.41.14.tar.gz cd e2fsprogs-1.41.14 ./configure make && make install cd tar -xf e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.14.tar.gz cd e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.14 ./configure make && make install cd .. tar -xf extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2 cd extundelete-0.2.4 ./configure
遇到下面的错误
centos configure: error: Can‘t find ext2fs library
解决办法：yum --y install e2fsprogs.x86_64 e2fsprogs-devel.x86_64 e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64
make && make install
模拟实验环境：
新添加一块硬盘,重新启动系统，对其分区格式化成ext4，将其挂在到/backupdata目录上，建立测试文件和目录。
fdisk /dev/sdb partprobe /dev/sdb # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 # mkdir /backupdata/ # mount /dev/sdb1 /backupdata/ # mkdir /backupdata/gnutool-delete # cd /backupdata/gnutool-delete # man 7 man > file1.txt # man 7 man > file2.txt # mkdir folder; cd folder; man 7 man >file1.txt # cd ../ #md5sum file* 获取文件校验码 06da9233bf8c0836e4d45e28dfb2b511 file1.txt 06da9233bf8c0836e4d45e28dfb2b511 file2.txt # md5sum folder/file1.txt 06da9233bf8c0836e4d45e28dfb2b511 folder/file1.txt # cd ../ 删除测试文件或目录 [[email protected] backupdata]# rm -rf gnutool-delete/
将设备卸载或者改成只读,防止数据被覆盖使用 # cd ../ # umount /backupdata/ 或者 # mount -o remount,ro /dev/sdb1
查询恢复数据信息，注意这里的--inode 2 这里会扫描分区 ： [[email protected] /]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --inode 2 NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. File name | Inode number | Deleted status . 2 .. 2 lost+found 11 gnutool-delete 12 Deleted Deleted status标记为 Deleted 是已经删除的文件或目录
默认恢复到当前所在目录下的 RECOVERED_FILES 目录中去。准备一个可以读写的分区，注意不要再丢失数据的分区
1、恢复所有文件
extundelete /dev/sdb1 –restore-all
[[email protected] /]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-all NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Looking through the directory structure for deleted files ... 0 recoverable inodes still lost. [[email protected] /]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/gnutool-delete/ [[email protected] gnutool-delete]# ls file1.txt file2.txt folder
查看校验码与之前所得是否完全一致 [[email protected] gnutool-delete]# md5sum file* 06da9233bf8c0836e4d45e28dfb2b511 file1.txt 06da9233bf8c0836e4d45e28dfb2b511 file2.txt [[email protected] gnutool-delete]# md5sum folder/file1.txt 06da9233bf8c0836e4d45e28dfb2b511 folder/file1.txt
2、恢复目录
extundelete /dev/sdb1 —-restore-directory /backupdata/gnutool-delete
[[email protected] backupdata]# mount /dev/sdb1 on /backupdata type ext4 (rw) [[email protected] backupdata]# mkdir 123 [[email protected] backupdata]# cd 123 [[email protected] 123]# touch 456 789 [[email protected] 123]# ll 总用量 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 5月 7 23:40 456 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 5月 7 23:40 789 [[email protected] backupdata]# ll 总用量 20 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 5月 7 23:40 123 drwx------ 2 root root 16384 5月 7 23:37 lost+found [[email protected] backupdata]# rm -rf 123 [[email protected] backupdata]# cd .. [[email protected] /]# umount /backupdata/ [[email protected] /]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --inode 2 NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Triple indirect block: 0 File name | Inode number | Deleted status . 2 .. 2 lost+found 11 123 12 Deleted Deleted status标记为 Deleted 是已经删除的文件或目录
3、恢复文件
extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-files /backupdata/gnutool-delete/file1.txt
4、恢复多个文件
创建一个空白文件，内容为要恢复的文件列表，一个文件一行
vim restore
/backupdata/gnutool-delete/file1.txt
/backupdata/gnutool-delete/file2.txt
/backupdata/gnutool-delete/folder/file1.txt
extundelete /dev/sdb1 —-restore-files ‘restore‘
5、根据时间恢复
假如删除的时间大概是2014-05-04 14：30
[[email protected] ~]# date -d "may 04 14:30" +%s
1399185000 得出秒数
恢复此时间后删除的所有文件
/usr/local/bin/extundelete /dev/sdb1 --after 1399185000 --restore-all
6、根据文件的inode恢复
extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-inode 77883
7、查看命令帮助
extundelete --help
8、通过文件打开的PID和文件的句柄来恢复
环境描述：
当前系统中有多个用户登录，其中一个用户对某个文件进行修改，另一个用户对文件执行了删除操作。
例如通过cat命令往文件里输入内容
[[email protected] ~]# cat >> /tmp/restore
hello
hi
haha
而在另一个终端删除这个文件
[[email protected] ~]# rm -rf /tmp/restore
解决方法：
通过文件打开的PID和打开文件的句柄来恢复
[[email protected] ~]# lsof |grep -i delete |grep restore
cat 23308 root 1w REG 8,5 1473 /tmp/restore (deleted)
[[email protected] ~]# ls /proc/23308/fd
fd/ fdinfo/
[[email protected] ~]# cd /proc/23308/fd
[[email protected] fd]# ls
0 1 2
[[email protected] fd]# cp 1 /tmp/restore
[[email protected] fd]# cat /tmp/restore
hello
hi
haha
ok文件恢复了
应用总结：extundelete基于整个磁盘的恢复功能较为强大,基于目录和文件的恢复还不够完善。如果误删除了文件，记住对磁盘不要进行任何操作，保留好现场.
extundelete工具恢复Linux删除文件,布布扣,bubuko.com