[LeetCode] Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List 将二叉树展开成链表

Given a binary tree, flatten it to a linked list in-place.

For example,
Given

         1
        /        2   5
      / \        3   4   6

The flattened tree should look like:

   1
         2
             3
                 4
                     5
                         6

click to show hints.

Hints:

If you notice carefully in the flattened tree, each node‘s right child points to the next node of a pre-order trave

这道题要求把二叉树展开成链表,根据展开后形成的链表的顺序分析出是使用先序遍历,那么只要是数的遍历就有递归和非递归的两种方法来求解,这里我们也用两种方法来求解。首先来看递归版本的,思路是先利用DFS的思路找到最左子节点,然后回到其父节点,把其父节点和右子节点断开,将原左子结点连上父节点的右子节点上,然后再把原右子节点连到新右子节点的右子节点上,然后再回到上一父节点做相同操作。代码如下:

// Recursion
class Solution {
public:
    void flatten(TreeNode *root) {
        if (!root) return;
        if (root->left) flatten(root->left);
        if (root->right) flatten(root->right);
        TreeNode *tmp = root->right;
        root->right = root->left;
        root->left = NULL;
        while (root->right) root = root->right;
        root->right = tmp;
    }
};

例如,对于下面的二叉树,上述算法的变换的过程如下:

     1
    /    2   5
  / \    3   4   6

     1
    /    2   5
    \        3   6
      \
       4

   1
         2
             3
                 4
                     5
                         6

下面我们再来看非迭代版本的实现,这个方法是从根节点开始出发,先检测其左子结点是否存在,如存在则将根节点和其右子节点断开,将左子结点及其后面所有结构一起连到原右子节点的位置,把原右子节点连到元左子结点最后面的右子节点之后。代码如下:

// Non-recursion
class Solution {
public:
    void flatten(TreeNode *root) {
        TreeNode *cur = root;
        while (cur) {
            if (cur->left) {
                TreeNode *p = cur->left;
                while (p->right) p = p->right;
                p->right = cur->right;
                cur->right = cur->left;
                cur->left = NULL;
            }
            cur = cur->right;
        }
    }
};

例如,对于下面的二叉树,上述算法的变换的过程如下:

     1
    /    2   5
  / \    3   4   6

   1
         2
    /    3   4
                 5
                     6

   1
         2
             3
                 4
                     5
                         6

此题还可以延伸到用中序,后序,层序的遍历顺序来展开原二叉树,分别又有其对应的递归和非递归的方法,有兴趣的童鞋可以自行实现。。

时间: 2024-08-05 23:19:55

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