小编使用的是在ESXI上挂载的虚拟机 (VsPhereClient5.5)，挂载光驱比较简单。
如阅读者使用其它软件安装的虚拟机，请自行百度查询挂载光驱方式。
(小编就不在阐述VsPhere挂载光驱的方式，直接上正文！！！)
挂载光驱及永久保存步骤：
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir cdrom 先建立一份空目录
[[email protected] ~]# ls -l /dev/sr* 查询系统是否其它的外置设备 （*）：是通配符
brw-rw----. 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Feb 23 10:15 /dev/sr0
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/sr0 cdrom/ 挂载到cdrom目录下
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only 挂载光驱只有读取的权限
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# df -T 查询所有磁盘信息包括系统类型
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 17811456 998352 16813104 6% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 930876 0 930876 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 941940 0 941940 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 941940 8668 933272 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 941940 0 941940 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1038336 145828 892508 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 188392 0 188392 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 iso9660 4414592 4414592 0 100% /root/cdrom 这个是刚才小编挂载的光驱
系统重新启动后挂载的光驱就会失效，想要一直保存下去，需要更改 /etc/fstab 这份配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Feb 23 05:21:29 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=739d0dc5-a0e6-4258-8023-4f0cffd42818 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0
外部装置名称 挂载的目录 系统类型 默认值 再不济，可以照葫芦画瓢也能画出来O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
目前，永久保存挂载点的信息已经修改完成， 接下来进入使用本地光驱制作yum源
使用本地光驱制作yum源步骤：
1： 建议备份 /etc/yum.repos.d 目录下的所有文件。
2： 删除 /etc/yum.repos.d目录下的所有文件。
3： 在 /ect/yum.repos.d目录下建议一份尾缀名为 .repo的文件，进行编辑。
[[email protected] ~]# cp -r /etc/yum.repos.d/ /
[[email protected] ~]# ls /
bin boot dev etc home ifcfg-ens160 lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var yum.repos.d
[[email protected] ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[[email protected] ~]# touch /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo
[ABC]
name=install ABC
baseurl=file:///cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
回到Shell 输入：yum makecache 刷新repos生成缓存
可是尝试重新启动系统后再shell中输入： df -T 去查询光驱是否存在
[[email protected] ~]# yum install gcc 可以安装这个包试试看有没有成功
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
ABC | 3.6 kB 00:00
(1/2): ABC/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00
(2/2): ABC/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-16.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.8.5-16.el7 for package: gcc-4.8.5-16.el7.x86_ 64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc-4.8.5-16.el 7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.4()(64bit) for package: gcc-4.8.5-16.el7.x 86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmpc.so.3()(64bit) for package: gcc-4.8.5-16.el7.x8 6_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-16.el7 will be installed
---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-196.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.17-196.el7 for package: glibc-devel -2.17-196.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.17-196.el7.x 86_64
---> Package libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package mpfr.x86_64 0:3.1.1-4.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-196.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2. 17-196.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.17-196.el 7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-693.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
gcc x86_64 4.8.5-16.el7 ABC 16 M
Installing for dependencies:
cpp x86_64 4.8.5-16.el7 ABC 5.9 M
glibc-devel x86_64 2.17-196.el7 ABC 1.1 M
glibc-headers x86_64 2.17-196.el7 ABC 675 k
kernel-headers x86_64 3.10.0-693.el7 ABC 6.0 M
libmpc x86_64 1.0.1-3.el7 ABC 51 k
mpfr x86_64 3.1.1-4.el7 ABC 203 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+6 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 30 M
Installed size: 60 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 64 MB/s | 30 MB 00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64 1/7
Installing : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64 2/7
Installing : cpp-4.8.5-16.el7.x86_64 3/7
Installing : kernel-headers-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 4/7
Installing : glibc-headers-2.17-196.el7.x86_64 5/7
Installing : glibc-devel-2.17-196.el7.x86_64 6/7
Installing : gcc-4.8.5-16.el7.x86_64 7/7
Verifying : kernel-headers-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 1/7
Verifying : mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64 2/7
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.17-196.el7.x86_64 3/7
Verifying : cpp-4.8.5-16.el7.x86_64 4/7
Verifying : gcc-4.8.5-16.el7.x86_64 5/7
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.17-196.el7.x86_64 6/7
Verifying : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64 7/7
Installed:
gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-16.el7
Dependency Installed:
cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-16.el7 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-196.el7 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-196.el7 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-693.el7 libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7
mpfr.x86_64 0:3.1.1-4.el7
Complete!
[[email protected] ~]#
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/DaniuUnixChina/p/8462495.html