Given n non-negative integers representing the histogram’s bar height where the width of each bar is 1, find the area of largest rectangle in the histogram.
Above is a histogram where width of each bar is 1, given height = [2,1,5,6,2,3].
The largest rectangle is shown in the shaded area, which has area = 10 unit.
For example,
Given heights = [2,1,5,6,2,3],
return 10.
1、如果已知height数组是升序的，应该怎么做？
比如1,2,5,7,8
那么就是(1*5) vs. (2*4) vs. (5*3) vs. (7*2) vs. (8*1)
也就是max(height[i]*(size-i))
2、使用栈的目的就是构造这样的升序序列，按照以上方法求解。
但是height本身不一定是升序的，应该怎样构建栈？
比如2,1,5,6,2,3
（1）2进栈。s={2}, result = 0
（2）1比2小，不满足升序条件，因此将2弹出，并记录当前结果为2*1=2。
将2替换为1重新进栈。s={1,1}, result = 2
（3）5比1大，满足升序条件，进栈。s={1,1,5},result = 2
（4）6比5大，满足升序条件，进栈。s={1,1,5,6},result = 2
（5）2比6小，不满足升序条件，因此将6弹出，并记录当前结果为6*1=6。s={1,1,5},result = 6
2比5小，不满足升序条件，因此将5弹出，并记录当前结果为5*2=10（因为已经弹出的5,6是升序的）。s={1,1},result = 10
2比1大，将弹出的5,6替换为2重新进栈。s={1,1,2,2,2},result = 10
（6）3比2大，满足升序条件，进栈。s={1,1,2,2,2,3},result = 10
栈构建完成，满足升序条件，因此按照升序处理办法得到上述的max(height[i]*(size-i))=max{3*1, 2*2, 2*3, 2*4, 1*5, 1*6}=8<10
综上所述，result=10
public class Solution {
public static int largestRectangleArea(int[] heights) {
Stack<Integer> mStack = new Stack<Integer>();
int count;
int result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < heights.length; i++) {
if (mStack.isEmpty() || mStack.peek() <= heights[i]) {
mStack.push(heights[i]);
} else {
count = 1;
while (!mStack.isEmpty() && mStack.peek() > heights[i]) {
result = max(result, mStack.peek() * count);
mStack.pop();
count++;
}
while (count > 1) {
mStack.push(heights[i]);
count--;
}
mStack.push(heights[i]);
}
}
int num = 1;
while (!mStack.isEmpty()) {
result = max(result, mStack.pop() * num);
num++;
}
return result;
}
public static int max(int i, int j) {
return i >= j ? i : j;
}
}