Vue.js 2.0 版本推荐使用 axios 来完成 ajax 请求。Axios 是一个基于 Promise 的 HTTP 库,可以用在浏览器和 node.js 中。
axios中文文档库:http://www.axios-js.com/zh-cn/docs/
1.Axios简单使用
1.axios发送简单的get请求
后台:
@RequestMapping("/index") @ResponseBody public Map index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestParam Map condition) { System.out.println(condition); // 允许ajax跨域请求 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); return condition; }
前台:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title></title> <script src="js/axios.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> </head> <body> <script> // 为给定 ID 的 user 创建请求 axios.get(‘http://localhost:8088/weixin/test/index.html?name=zs‘) .then(function(response) { console.log(response); }) .catch(function(error) { console.log(error); }); </script> </body> </html>
结果:
上面的请求还可以:
<script> // 上面的请求也可以这样做 axios.get(‘http://localhost:8088/weixin/test/index.html‘, { params: { name: ‘zs2‘ } }) .then(function(response) { console.log(response); }) .catch(function(error) { console.log(error); }); </script>
2.发送POST请求
后台需要过滤器中允许跨域请求:
package cn.qlq.filter; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.Filter; import javax.servlet.FilterChain; import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * 允许跨域请求 */ @WebFilter(filterName = "corsFilter", urlPatterns = "/*") public class CorsFilter implements Filter { public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { System.out.println(1); HttpServletResponse response2 = (HttpServletResponse) response; response2.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); // 解决跨域访问报错 response2.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST, PUT, GET, OPTIONS, DELETE"); response2.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "3600"); // 设置过期时间 response2.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, client_id, uuid, Authorization"); response2.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate"); // 支持HTTP // 1.1. response2.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); // 支持HTTP 1.0. // response.setHeader("Expires", // "0"); chain.doFilter(request, response); } @Override public void destroy() { } @Override public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException { } }
Controller代码:
@RequestMapping("/index") @ResponseBody public Map index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestBody Map condition) { System.out.println(condition); return condition; }
前台代码:
<script> axios.post(‘http://localhost:8088/weixin/test/index.html‘, { firstName: ‘Fred‘, lastName: ‘Flintstone‘ }) .then(function(response) { console.log(response); }) .catch(function(error) { console.log(error); }); </script>
结果:
post的请求头Content-Type是application/json,发送JSON数据请求
3.响应结构
{ // `data` 由服务器提供的响应 data: {}, // `status` 来自服务器响应的 HTTP 状态码 status: 200, // `statusText` 来自服务器响应的 HTTP 状态信息 statusText: ‘OK‘, // `headers` 服务器响应的头 headers: {}, // `config` 是为请求提供的配置信息 config: {}, // ‘request‘ // `request` is the request that generated this response // It is the last ClientRequest instance in node.js (in redirects) // and an XMLHttpRequest instance the browser request: {} }
2.vue中使用axios
1. 简单使用
后端代码:
@RequestMapping("/index") @ResponseBody public Map index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestBody Map condition) { condition.put("name", "zs"); condition.put("age", 25); return condition; }
前台:(请求后台的JSON数据,并且将得到的数据直接赋值给自己的data属性,自己的data原来为null)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title></title> <script src="js/vue.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <script src="js/axios.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> </head> <body> <div id="app"> <h1>{{ data.name }} - {{ data.age }}</h1> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> new Vue({ el: ‘#app‘, data: { data: null }, mounted() { axios .post(‘http://localhost:8088/weixin/test/index.html‘, { ‘test‘: 123 }) .then(response => (this.data = response.data)) .catch(function(error) { // 请求失败处理 console.log(error); }); } }) </script> </body> </html>
结果:
2. 请求图片流
未完待续。。。
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/11908911.html
时间: 2024-10-29 08:38:32