本示例为centos7版本：mysql为mysql-5.5.56.tar.gz
1.服务器上的卸载原有数据库
rpm -qa | grep mariadb ###查询本机有没有默认的mysql，centos7版本数据库为mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps ###有的话卸载掉
2.下载源码包
https://www.mysql.com/ ###下载地址
下载好后传到服务器
3.安装依赖包
yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel
4.创建用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql -g mysql
5.解压，源码编译安装
tar zvxf mysql-5.5.56.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/mysql-5.5.56/
编译：cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLL
ATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all
安装：make
make install
6.对数据库目录进行授权
chmown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
7.建立配置文件
拷贝mysql源码目录中的support-files文件夹下到/etc/mycnf
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
8.初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/loca
l/mysql/data/
9.设置环境变量
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
10.添加系统服务
cp -P support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
11.启动数据库：
service mysqld start
service mysqld status
netstat -anpt | grep mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 14245/mysqld
12.访问数据库（默认没有密码）
mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.56-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
本文档只写到怎么安装数据库，下次文档会写如何使用数据库
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