cobbler介绍
快速网络安装linux操作系统的服务,支持众多的Linux发行版: Red Hat, Fedora,CentOS,Debian,Ubuntu和SuSE 也可以支持网络安装windows
PXE的二次封装,将多种安装参数封装到一个菜单
Python编写
提供了CLI和Web的管理形式
cobbler软件包来源于epel源中的软件包
cobbler 服务集成
cobbler可以和以下服务一起集成来对外提供服务 但是cobbler不能代替以下服务
PXE
DHCP
rsync
Http
DNS
Kickstart
IPMI 电源管理
cobbler 相关术语
发行版 ( distro )：
表示一个操作系统版本,它承载了内核和 initrd 的信息 以及内核参数等其他数据
配置文件(profile):
一个发行版可以提供多个不同的ks文件来进行不同功能的安装
包含一个发行版,一个 kickstart 文件以及可能的存储库,还包含更多特定的内核参 数等其他数据
系统:
表示要配置的主机(需要被安装系统的节点)
存储库:
保存一个yum或者rsync存储库的镜像信息
镜像:
可替换为一个包含不属于此类别的文件的发行版对象
网卡IP设置的最简配置格式
TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO="static" IPADDR=192.168.231.8 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 DEVICE="ens33" ONBOOT="yes"
cobbler安装配置流程
[[email protected] ~]# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm [[email protected] ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm [[email protected] ~]# yum repolist [[email protected] ~]# yum install dhcp [[email protected] ~]# yum install cobbler [[email protected] ~]# rpm -ql cobbler | grep service [[email protected] ~]# systemctl start cobblerd httpd tftp
安装cobbler服务
[[email protected] tftpboot]# setenforce 0
[[email protected] tftpboot]# cobbler check
#只是告警信息不是必要修改项
1 : change ‘disable‘ to ‘no‘ in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
3 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
4 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
6 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
[[email protected] tftpboot]# vi /etc/cobbler/settings
384 server: 127.0.0.1
272 next_server: 192.168.231.8
101 default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."
242 manage_dhcp: 1
[[email protected] ~]# openssl passwd -1 #数字1代表md5加密类型
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2018-05-27_190425_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Sun May 27 19:04:25 2018)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2018-05-27_190536_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Sun May 27 19:05:36 2018)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
[[email protected] cobbler]# pwd
/etc/cobbler
[[email protected] cobbler]# vi dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.231.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
[[email protected] cobbler]#systemctl restart cobblerd
配置cobbler
#准备yum源 [[email protected] ~]# mkdir /mnt/centos7 [[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/centos7 #把光盘文件拷贝到/var/www/cobbler目录下 [[email protected] ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/centos7 --name=yxhcentos7 --arch=x86_64 #导入系统后cobbler默认会自动生成一个最小化安装的ks文件 #自动生成cobbler启动系统选择菜单 [[email protected] ~]# cobbler distro list yxhcentos7-x86_64 #上传自己的ks文件,然后通过ks和distro关联生成一个新的cobbler启动菜单(profile) [[email protected] www]# cp ks7_mini.cfg /var/lib/kickstarts/ [[email protected] pxelinux.cfg]# cobbler profile add --name=yxhcentos7_x86 --distro=yxhcentos7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks7_mini.cfg #自动修改default启动菜单配置文件
导入安装系统源
cobbler的web管理
[[email protected] www]# yum install cobbler-web [[email protected] www]# systemctl restart httpd https://192.168.231.8/cobbler_web/ #创建cobbler_web管理员账号 [[email protected] www]# vi /etc/cobbler/modules.conf authn_configfile -- use /etc/cobbler/users.digest (for basic setups) [[email protected] www]# vi /etc/cobbler/users.digest [[email protected] kickstarts]# htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler test1 Adding password for test1 in realm Cobbler. New password: Re-type new password: [[email protected] www]# 使用第二种pam登录验证 [authentication] module = authn_pam [[email protected] ~]# useradd test2 [[email protected] ~]# echo root | passwd --stdin test2 [[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/cobbler/users.conf [admins] admin = "test2" cobbler = "" [[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
cobbler的web配置
cobbler命令介绍
cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题
cobbler list 列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler report 列出元素的详细信息
cobbler sync 同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下
cobbler reposync 同步yum仓库
cobbler distro 查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler system 查看添加的系统信息
cobbler profile 查看配置信息
联网：cobbler get-loaders
不联网：cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot
htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler admin
注意:添加第一个用户时, 使用“-c”选项,后续添加其他用户时不要再使用 cobbler_web的realm只能为Cobbler
openssl passwd -1 生成密码 用其替换/etc/cobbler/settings 数字1表示使用MD5加密类型
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yxh168/p/9095503.html