面试题目:
1. 用PYTHON实现tail -f功能,默认显示最后15行,实时输出新增行?
解题思路:
1. 此需求在很多场景中都有遇到,而且在各大群中也被讨论过,虽然有现成的模版如pyinotify等模块实现,但面试更想通过你的解题思路来判断这场面试,具体到tail需要实现2个功能,一个实时输出新增内容,一个默认输出前15行,前者直接循环打开文件读取,全局变量中记录上次读取的位置,下一次循环seek到上次的位置读取即可,而对于默认显示前15行的做法是假设一行1000个字节,循环读取,当文件总长度小于1000时则从开头开始读取分割行取出后10行即可,即使不够10行也没关系,当文件总长度大于等于1000时,如果分割后大于10行,则读取分割行取出后10行即可,如果小于10行则继续向前1000个读取,以此类推~
具体实现:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ # # Authors: limanman # 51CTOBG: http://xmdevops.blog.51cto.com/ # Purpose: # """ from __future__ import absolute_import # 说明: 导入公共模块 import os import sys import time import chardet # 说明: 导入其它模块 # if __name__ == ‘__main__‘: seekps = 0; target = ‘data.txt‘; try: # 指针跳到最后作为起读位置 with open(target, ‘r+b‘) as f: f.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) seekps = f.tell() print ‘notice: file length is‘, seekps rest_lines = [] # 默认读取15行 line_reads = 15 # 假设默认每行1000字节 line_bytes = 1000 ‘‘‘ 1. 当f_length < line_bytes,就seek到0开始读取,读完break 2. 当f_length > line_bytes,换行符数n表示n+1行 => 当n+1 >= line_reads,取出其中前line_reads个元素 => 当n+1 < line_reads,继续向前seek到count*line_reads位置读取 ‘‘‘ count = 1 while True: if seekps <= line_bytes*count: f.seek(0) rest_lines = f.read().split(os.linesep)[-line_reads:] break f.seek(-1*line_bytes*count, 2) rest_lines = f.read().split(os.linesep) if len(rest_lines)>=line_reads: rest_lines = rest_lines[-line_reads:] break else: count += 1 for line in rest_lines: code = chardet.detect(line).get(‘encoding‘) line = line.decode(code).encode(sys.stdout.encoding) sys.stdout.write(‘‘.join([line.strip(), os.linesep])) sys.stdout.flush() except Exception, e: print ‘notice: open file with error({0})‘.format(e) exit() print ‘notice: start position is‘, seekps while True: try: with open(target, ‘r+b‘) as f: f.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) # 防止数据被意外截断 if f.tell()<seekps: f.seek(f.tell()) else: f.seek(seekps) while True: line = f.readline() if not line.strip(): break code = chardet.detect(line).get(‘encoding‘) line = line.decode(code).encode(sys.stdout.encoding) sys.stdout.write(‘‘.join([line.strip(), os.linesep])) sys.stdout.flush() seekps = f.tell() except Exception, e: print ‘notice: open file with error({0})‘.format(e) break time.sleep(0.1)
有图有像:
时间: 2024-10-25 00:12:48