[leetcode] 187 Repeated DNA Sequences

(一)最一开始的做法是使用 map<string,int> 记录每个10个字符的字符串的个数,超过2就push_back进ans。但是MLE了,说明采用string并不是一个好方法。

下面是MLE的代码:

class Solution {
public:
    vector<string> findRepeatedDnaSequences(string s) {
    	vector <string>  ans;
        map<string,int> mp;
        if(s.length()<10)
        return ans;
        for(int i=0;i<s.length()-10;i++)
        mp[s.substr(i,10)]++;
        map<string,int>::iterator it;
        for(it=mp.begin();it!=mp.end();++it)
        {
        	if(it->second>1)
        	ans.push_back(it->first);
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

(二)看了下Tags,提示要用位操作,让我想到了霍夫曼编码的前缀码的唯一性,所以这里可以采用如下标记:

A: 00  T:01 C:10 G:11一共10个字符,共20位,而一个int有32位,所以采用map<int,int> 的处理可以减少很多空间的占用。

我们时钟维护这样一个20位的空间,遍历的时候,先左移14位去掉第一个字符,然后右移12位在进行或操作添加新的尾部的字符,这样又起到了节省时间的作用。

class Solution {
public:
    vector<string> findRepeatedDnaSequences(string s) {
    	vector <string>  ans;
        map <int,int> mp;
        map <char,int> cur;
        set<string> st;
        cur['A']=0;
        cur['T']=1;
        cur['C']=2;
        cur['G']=3;
        if(s.length()<10)
        return ans;
        int temp;
        for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
        {
        	temp<<=2;
        	temp|=cur[s[i]];
        }
       // mp[temp]++;
        for(int i=9;i<s.length();i++)
        {
        	temp<<=14;
        	temp>>=12;
        	temp|=cur[s[i]];
        	mp[temp]++;
        	if(mp[temp]>=2)
        	st.insert(s.substr(i-9,10));
        }
        set<string>::iterator it;
        for(it=st.begin();it!=st.end();it++)
        ans.push_back(*it);

        return ans;
    }
};

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时间: 2024-10-09 22:19:52

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