今天，写写mysql兄弟公司maridb开发的一个读写分离，既然是兄弟，那也适用于mysql。
1、安装依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake
2、下载软件
cd /usr/local wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz
3、添加mysql用户和用户组
groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
4、解压安装mysql
# 创建数据目录mkdir -p /data/mysql # 解压boost tar xzf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz # 解压mysql，编译安装 tar xzf mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz cd mysql-5.7.14 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0 -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 make make install # 复制到启动项 cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql chkconfig --add mysql chkconfig mysql on # 复制配置文件 cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf # 安装 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
5、添加环境变量
cd ~ vi .profile_bash PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH export PATH
6、mysql主从复制（利用gtid特性）
# 关闭selinux和防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld.service vi /etc/selinux/config # 配置每个节点配置文件my.cnf # 添加如下 log-bin=mysql-bin server-id=3 gtid_mode=ON log_slave_updates enforce_gtid_consistency （注：除了server-id每个节点不一样，其它都一样，也必须加，以一般主从复制区别，多了下面的3个参数） # 主节点添加复制账号 grant replication slave on *.* to ‘backup‘@‘%‘identified by‘backup‘; # 从节点执行 change master to master_host=‘192.168.10.140‘, master_user=‘backup‘, master_password=‘backup‘,master_port=3306,master_auto_position=1; start slave;
7、maxscale安装
安装依赖
yum install libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.x86_64 novacom-server.x86_64 libedit -y
MaxScale 的下载地址：
https://downloads.mariadb.com/files/MaxScale rpm -ivh maxscale-beta-2.0.0-1.centos.7.x86_64.rpm
在开始配置之前，需要在 master和backup 中为 MaxScale 创建两个用户，用于监控模块和路由模块。
创建监控用户
mysql> create user [email protected]‘%‘ identified by "123456"; mysql> grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to [email protected]‘%‘;
创建路由用户
mysql> create user [email protected]‘%‘ identified by "123456"; mysql> grant select on mysql.* to [email protected]‘%‘;
用户创建完成后，开始配置
vi /etc/maxscale.cnf [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/maxscale.cnf # MaxScale documentation on GitHub: # https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Documentation-Contents.md # Global parameters # # Complete list of configuration options: # https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Getting-Started/Configuration-Guide.md [maxscale] threads=1 log_info=1 logdir=/tmp/ # Server definitions # # Set the address of the server to the network # address of a MySQL server. # [server1] type=server address=192.168.10.140 port=3306 protocol=MySQLBackend [server2] type=server address=192.168.10.141 port=3306 protocol=MySQLBackend [server3] type=server address=192.168.10.142 port=3306 protocol=MySQLBackend # Monitor for the servers # # This will keep MaxScale aware of the state of the servers. # MySQL Monitor documentation: # https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Monitors/MySQL-Monitor.md [MySQL Monitor] type=monitor module=mysqlmon servers=server1,server2,server3 user=scalemon passwd=123456 monitor_interval=10000 # Service definitions # # Service Definition for a read-only service and # a read/write splitting service. # # ReadConnRoute documentation: # https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Routers/ReadConnRoute.md # [Read-Only Service] # type=service # router=readconnroute # servers=server1 # user=myuser # passwd=mypwd # router_options=slave # ReadWriteSplit documentation: # https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Routers/ReadWriteSplit.md [Read-Write Service] type=service router=readwritesplit servers=server1,server2,server3 user=scaleroute passwd=123456 max_slave_connections=100% # This service enables the use of the MaxAdmin interface # MaxScale administration guide: # https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/MaxScale/blob/master/Documentation/Reference/MaxAdmin.md [MaxAdmin Service] type=service router=cli # Listener definitions for the services # # These listeners represent the ports the # services will listen on. # # [Read-Only Listener] # type=listener # service=Read-Only Service # protocol=MySQLClient # port=4008 [Read-Write Listener] type=listener service=Read-Write Service protocol=MySQLClient port=4006 [MaxAdmin Listener] type=listener service=MaxAdmin Service protocol=maxscaled socket=default
启动
maxscale --config=/etc/maxscale.cnf
查看
注意：这里用的是最新的2.0版本，登录已经不像老版本maxadmin --user=admin --password=mariadb这样了，而是像下面一样：
[[email protected] ~]# maxadmin -S /tmp/maxadmin.sock MaxScale> list services Services. --------------------------+----------------------+--------+--------------- Service Name | Router Module | #Users | Total Sessions --------------------------+----------------------+--------+--------------- Read-Write Service | readwritesplit | 1 | 1 MaxAdmin Service | cli | 2 | 4 --------------------------+----------------------+--------+--------------- 命令也有变化，请自行FQ到Google查看 MaxScale> list servers Servers. -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+-------------------- Server | Address | Port | Connections | Status -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+-------------------- server1 | 192.168.10.140 | 3306 | 0 | Master, Running server2 | 192.168.10.141 | 3306 | 0 | Slave, Running server3 | 192.168.10.142 | 3306 | 0 | Slave, Running -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
测试
在其它远程客户端连接maxscale所在服务器的数据库
mysql -h 192.168.10.140 -P4006 -uscalemon -p mysql> select @@hostname; +------------+ | @@hostname | +------------+ | maxscale1 | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 关了一个slave后 MaxScale> list servers Servers. -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+-------------------- Server | Address | Port | Connections | Status -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+-------------------- server1 | 192.168.10.140 | 3306 | 1 | Master, Running server2 | 192.168.10.141 | 3306 | 1 | Slave, Running server3 | 192.168.10.142 | 3306 | 0 | Down -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
参考，我是开启FQ的
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb-enterprise/mariadb-maxscale/maxadmin/
时间： 2024-08-26 01:03:45