1.Hive官网地址
http://hive.apache.org/
2.文档查看地址
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/GettingStarted
3.下载地址
http://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/
4.github地址
https://github.com/apache/hive
Hive安装部署
1.Hive安装及配置
(1)把apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz上传到linux的/opt/software目录下
(2)解压apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz到/opt/module/目录下面
[[email protected] software]$ tar -zxvf apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/module/
(3)修改apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz的名称为hive
[[email protected] module]$ mv apache-hive-1.2.1-bin/ hive
(4)修改/opt/module/hive/conf目录下的hive-env.sh.template名称为hive-env.sh
[[email protected] conf]$ mv hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
(5)配置hive-env.sh文件
(a)配置HADOOP_HOME路径
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/module/hadoop-2.7.2
(b)配置HIVE_CONF_DIR路径
export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/module/hive/conf
2.Hadoop集群配置
(1)必须启动hdfs和yarn
[[email protected] hadoop-2.7.2]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
[[email protected] hadoop-2.7.2]$ sbin/start-yarn.sh
(2)在HDFS上创建/tmp和/user/hive/warehouse两个目录并修改他们的同组权限可写
[[email protected] hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir /tmp
[[email protected] hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/warehouse
[[email protected] hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w /tmp
[[email protected] hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w /user/hive/warehouse
3.Hive基本操作
(1)启动hive
[[email protected] hive]$ bin/hive
(2)查看数据库
hive> show databases;
(3)打开默认数据库
hive> use default;
(4)显示default数据库中的表
hive> show tables;
(5)创建一张表
hive> create table student(id int, name string);
(6)显示数据库中有几张表
hive> show tables;
(7)查看表的结构
hive> desc student;
(8)向表中插入数据
hive> insert into student values(1000,"ss");
(9)查询表中数据
hive> select * from student;
(10)退出hive
hive> quit;
说明:(查看hive在hdfs中的结构)
数据库:在hdfs中表现为${hive.metastore.warehouse.dir}目录下一个文件夹
表:在hdfs中表现所属db目录下一个文件夹,文件夹中存放该表中的具体数据
将本地文件导入Hive案例
需求
将本地/opt/module/datas/student.txt这个目录下的数据导入到hive的student(id int, name string)表中。
1.数据准备
在/opt/module/datas这个目录下准备数据
(1)在/opt/module/目录下创建datas
[[email protected] module]$ mkdir datas
(2)在/opt/module/datas/目录下创建student.txt文件并添加数据
[[email protected] datas]$ touch student.txt
[[email protected] datas]$ vi student.txt
1001 zhangshan
1002 lishi
1003 zhaoliu
注意以tab键间隔。
2.Hive实际操作
(1)启动hive
[[email protected] hive]$ bin/hive
(2)显示数据库
hive> show databases;
(3)使用default数据库
hive> use default;
(4)显示default数据库中的表
hive> show tables;
(5)删除已创建的student表
hive> drop table student;
(6)创建student表, 并声明文件分隔符’\t’
hive> create table student(id int, name string) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED
BY ‘\t‘;
(7)加载/opt/module/datas/student.txt 文件到student数据库表中。
hive> load data local inpath ‘/opt/module/datas/student.txt‘ into table student;
(8)Hive查询结果
hive> select * from student;
OK
1001 zhangshan
1002 lishi
1003 zhaoliu
Time taken: 0.266 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)
3.遇到的问题
再打开一个客户端窗口启动hive,会产生java.sql.SQLException异常。
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException:
Unable to instantiate
org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:522)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:677)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:621)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1523)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.<init>(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:86)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:132)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:104)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:3005)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3024)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:503)
... 8 more
原因是,Metastore默认存储在自带的derby数据库中,推荐使用MySQL存储Metastore;
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Tunan-Ki/p/11795630.html