快速搭建Spring MVC 开发环境

（一）工作环境准备：

  JDK 1.7

        Eclipse Kepler

        Apache Tomcat 8.0

（二）在Eclipse中新建Maven工程，在Archetype类型中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。

（三）配置pom.xml。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.favccxx.favsoft</groupId>
  <artifactId>favspringmvcrestful</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  

   <properties>
      <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>  

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>  

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>  

    <dependency>
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
        <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.2</version>
    </dependency>  

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>favspringmvcrestful</finalName>
  </build>
</project> 

（四）在WEB-INF/web.xml，配置Spring MVC转发。

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
        <display-name>favspringmvcrestful</display-name>  

        <filter>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                <param-value>true</param-value>
            </init-param>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>  

        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>  

        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath*:spring-context.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>  

（五）在resources目录下，创建spring-context.xml，支持注解，页面路径解析等。

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">  

        <context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller"></context:component-scan>  

        <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>  

        <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
            <property name="viewClass"
                value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
    </beans>  

（六）新建HelloController类，使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用。

    package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller;  

    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;  

    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  

    @Controller
    public class HelloController {  

        @RequestMapping("/greeting")
        public ModelAndView greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {
             System.out.println("Hello " + name);
             Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
             map.put("userName", name);
             return new ModelAndView("/hello",map);
        }  

    }  

（七）创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp，用来展现数据。

    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Hello</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        你好，${userName }
    </body>
    </html>  

（八）在浏览器中，输入访问的URL：http://localhost:8080/favspringmvcrestful/greeting?name=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3，显示Hello SpringMVC,则说明Spring MVC开发框架搭建成功。