从零开始学android<Intent初步.四十.>

Intent意图是android中非常重要的部分，他在Activity，service中有较为广泛的应用。


1
public void startActivity(Intent intent)
普通
启动一个Activity，并通过Intent传送数据

2
public void startActivityForResult(Intent intent, int requestCode)
普通
启动并接收另一个Activity程序回传数据，当requestCode大于0才可以触发onActivityResult()

3
public Intent getIntent()
普通
返回启动当前Activity程序的Intent

4
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data)
普通
当需要接收Intent回传数据的时候覆写此方法对回传操作进行处理

5
public void finish()
普通
调用此方法会返回之前的Activity程序，并自动调用onActivityResult()方法

6
public final Cursor managedQuery (Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder)
普通
处理返回的Cursor结果集

接下里用例子逐步讲解

最简单的Intent

主界面xml

[html] view plaincopyprint?

  1. <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  2. xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  3. android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4. android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5. android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  6. android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  7. android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  8. android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  9. tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  10. <TextView
  11. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  12. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  13. android:text="@string/hello_world" />
  14. <Button
  15. android:id="@+id/button1"
  16. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  17. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  18. android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
  19. android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
  20. android:layout_marginBottom="141dp"
  21. android:text="转跳" />
  22. </RelativeLayout>

转跳界面Xml

[html] view plaincopyprint?

  1. <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  2. xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  3. android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4. android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5. android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  6. android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  7. android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  8. android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  9. tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  10. <TextView
  11. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  12. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  13. android:text="我是第二屏界面" />
  14. </RelativeLayout>

[java] view plaincopyprint?

  1. package com.example.intent1;
  2. import android.os.Bundle;
  3. import android.app.Activity;
  4. import android.content.Intent;
  5. import android.view.Menu;
  6. import android.view.View;
  7. import android.widget.Button;
  8. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  9. private Button button;
  10. @Override
  11. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  12. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  13. setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  14. button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
  15. button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  16. @Override
  17. public void onClick(View v) {
  18. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  19. Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, Other.class);//创建Intent 对象
  20. startActivity(intent);//开启intent
  21. MainActivity.this.finish();//使当前Activity结束
  22. }
  23. });
  24. }
  25. }

Otner.java

[java] view plaincopyprint?

  1. package com.example.intent1;
  2. import android.app.Activity;
  3. import android.os.Bundle;
  4. import android.text.style.SuperscriptSpan;
  5. public class Other extends Activity {
  6. @Override
  7. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  8. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  9. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  10. setContentView(R.layout.other);
  11. }
  12. }

接下来看一看可以传递数据的Intent

[html] view plaincopyprint?

  1. <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  2. xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  3. android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4. android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5. android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  6. android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  7. android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  8. android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  9. tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  10. <Button
  11. android:id="@+id/button1"
  12. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  13. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  14. android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
  15. android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
  16. android:text="传递" />
  17. <EditText
  18. android:id="@+id/edit"
  19. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  20. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  21. android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
  22. android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
  23. android:ems="10"
  24. android:text=" />
  25. </RelativeLayout>
  26. <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  27. xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  28. android:layout_width="match_parent"
  29. android:layout_height="match_parent"
  30. android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  31. android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  32. android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  33. android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  34. tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  35. <Button
  36. android:id="@+id/button1"
  37. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  38. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  39. android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
  40. android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
  41. android:text="传递" />
  42. <EditText
  43. android:id="@+id/edit"
  44. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  45. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  46. android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
  47. android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
  48. android:ems="10"
  49. android:text="" />
  50. </RelativeLayout>

Other.xml

[html] view plaincopyprint?

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  2. <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  3. android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4. android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5. android:orientation="vertical" >
  6. <TextView
  7. android:id="@+id/textView1"
  8. android:layout_width="match_parent"
  9. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  10. android:text="TextView" />
  11. <Button
  12. android:id="@+id/button2"
  13. android:gravity="center_horizontal"
  14. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  15. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  16. android:text="获取数据" />
  17. </LinearLayout>

java文件

[java] view plaincopyprint?

  1. package com.example.intent2;
  2. import android.os.Bundle;
  3. import android.R.integer;
  4. import android.app.Activity;
  5. import android.content.Intent;
  6. import android.view.Menu;
  7. import android.view.View;
  8. import android.widget.Button;
  9. import android.widget.EditText;
  10. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  11. private Button button;
  12. private EditText info;
  13. @Override
  14. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  15. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  16. setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  17. button=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
  18. info=(EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.edit);
  19. button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  20. @Override
  21. public void onClick(View v) {
  22. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  23. Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,Other.class);//设置意图
  24. intent.putExtra("info", info.getText().toString());//为意图增加附加信息
  25. startActivity(intent);//开始意图
  26. MainActivity.this.finish();//终止当前Ativity
  27. }
  28. });
  29. }
  30. }

Other.java

[java] view plaincopyprint?

  1. package com.example.intent2;
  2. import android.app.Activity;
  3. import android.content.Intent;
  4. import android.os.Bundle;
  5. import android.view.View;
  6. import android.widget.Button;
  7. import android.widget.TextView;
  8. public class Other extends Activity {
  9. Intent intent;
  10. private Button button;
  11. private TextView text;
  12. @Override
  13. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  14. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  15. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  16. super.setContentView(R.layout.other);
  17. button=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
  18. text=(TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.textView1);
  19. intent=super.getIntent();//获取意图对象
  20. button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  21. @Override
  22. public void onClick(View v) {
  23. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  24. String info=intent.getStringExtra("info");//获取传递的数据
  25. text.setText(info);//显示数据
  26. }
  27. });
  28. }
  29. }

使用Intent传递并返回数据

借助Intent实现成人身高体重测试程序

采用BMI 法 

体重指数 =  体重（公斤） 除 身高（米）的平方    kg/m2
正常体重 ： 体重指数 = 18 - 25
超重           ： 体重指数 = 25 - 30
轻度肥胖 ： 体重指数 > 30
中度肥胖 ： 体重指数 > 35
重度肥胖 ：  体重指数 > 40

xml

[java] view plaincopyprint?

  1. package com.example.inten3;
  2. import android.os.Bundle;
  3. import android.app.Activity;
  4. import android.content.Intent;
  5. import android.view.Menu;
  6. import android.view.View;
  7. import android.widget.Button;
  8. import android.widget.EditText;
  9. import android.widget.TextView;
  10. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  11. private Button resetInfo,getInfo;
  12. private EditText height,weight;
  13. private TextView detail;
  14. @Override
  15. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  16. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  17. super.setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  18. resetInfo=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button1);//重置信息按钮
  19. getInfo=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button2);//获取信息按钮
  20. height=(EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.editText1);//身高输入框
  21. weight=(EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.editText2);//体重输入框
  22. detail=(TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.textView3);//信息显示
  23. //   重置按钮的监听
  24. resetInfo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  25. @Override
  26. public void onClick(View v) {
  27. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  28. //将他们都设置为空
  29. weight.setText("");
  30. height.setText("");
  31. detail.setText("");
  32. }
  33. });
  34. //  获取信息按钮的监听
  35. getInfo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  36. @Override
  37. public void onClick(View v) {
  38. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  39. Intent intent =new  Intent(MainActivity.this, Other.class);//创建意图对象
  40. //  增加附加信息
  41. intent.putExtra("weight", Double.valueOf(weight.getText().toString()));
  42. intent.putExtra("height", Double.valueOf(height.getText().toString()));
  43. //设置启动并传递请求码
  44. startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
  45. }
  46. });
  47. }
  48. //    处理返回的信息
  49. @Override
  50. protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
  51. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  52. switch (resultCode) {
  53. case RESULT_OK:
  54. //设置信息
  55. MainActivity.this.detail.setText(data.getStringExtra("endMsg"));
  56. break;
  57. default:
  58. break;
  59. }
  60. }
  61. }
  62. http://blog.renren.com/blog/573785236/934703413
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    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058755_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058757_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058760_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058763_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058767_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058770_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058771_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058776_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058784_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058786_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058787_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058792_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058793_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058795_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058797_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058802_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058810_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058813_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058815_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058818_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058823_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058824_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058825_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058828_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058831_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058833_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058835_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058839_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058844_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058848_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058851_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058857_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058858_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058861_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058864_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058869_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058872_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058878_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058879_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058880_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058888_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058890_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058897_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058898_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058900_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058903_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058919_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058923_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058931_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058942_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058945_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058953_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058954_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058958_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058960_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058963_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058979_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058983_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058985_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058986_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058991_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058995_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058997_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13058999_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059000_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059004_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059022_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059023_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059032_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059062_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059063_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059064_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059069_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059078_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059080_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059092_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059094_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059095_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059100_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059101_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059108_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059112_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059118_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059119_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059124_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059131_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059141_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059143_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059151_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059158_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059186_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059189_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059195_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059205_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059209_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059210_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059211_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059222_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059230_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059232_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059233_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059240_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059242_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059252_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059267_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059311_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059319_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059320_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059324_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059329_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059342_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059343_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059349_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059356_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059374_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059377_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059381_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059382_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059383_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059408_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059431_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059440_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059496_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059497_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059498_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059522_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059525_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059552_1.html
    http://club.jd.com/CommunityGroupDetail/13059611_1.html

Other.java

[java] view plaincopyprint?

  1. package com.example.inten3;
  2. import android.app.Activity;
  3. import android.content.Intent;
  4. import android.os.Bundle;
  5. import android.view.View;
  6. import android.widget.Button;
  7. import android.widget.TextView;
  8. public class Other extends Activity {
  9. private Button returnMsg, resetbut;
  10. private TextView weightMsg, heightMsg;
  11. private Double weight, height;
  12. private String endMsg;
  13. @Override
  14. protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  15. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  16. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  17. super.setContentView(R.layout.other);
  18. returnMsg = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.Otherbutton1);
  19. resetbut = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.Otherbutton2);
  20. weightMsg = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.OthertextView1);
  21. heightMsg = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.OthertextView2);
  22. // 获取意图对象
  23. Intent intent = super.getIntent();
  24. // 获得参数
  25. weight = intent.getDoubleExtra("weight", 0);
  26. height = intent.getDoubleExtra("height", 0);
  27. weightMsg.setText("您的体重：" + weight + "KG");
  28. heightMsg.setText("您的身高：" + height + "CM");
  29. returnMsg.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  30. // 对传入的数据进项判断和处理
  31. @Override
  32. public void onClick(View v) {
  33. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  34. Double heightNum = height / 100;
  35. double endNum = weight / (heightNum * heightNum);
  36. if (endNum >= 18 && endNum <= 25) {
  37. endMsg = "您的身体很正常哦，继续保持亲。";
  38. } else if (endNum < 18) {
  39. endMsg = "亲啊，不能总是减肥啊，您现在可是偏瘦哦，当心身体";
  40. } else if (endNum > 25 && endNum <= 30) {
  41. endMsg = "您现在有一点胖哦，不过不要紧，要注意饮食哦";
  42. } else if (endNum > 30 && endNum <= 35) {
  43. endMsg = "亲，您已经进入肥胖人群 了哦，注意锻炼哦";
  44. } else if (endNum > 35) {
  45. endMsg = "额，你，你。。你怎么可以这样，还不赶快减肥，当心找不到对象哦";
  46. }
  47. // 将参数设置到intnet上
  48. Other.this.getIntent().putExtra("endMsg", endMsg);
  49. // 设置返回集，并设置返回接受码
  50. Other.this.setResult(RESULT_OK, Other.this.getIntent());
  51. // 将dangqianActivity结束掉
  52. Other.this.finish();
  53. }
  54. });
  55. // 重新输入监听
  56. resetbut.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  57. @Override
  58. public void onClick(View v) {
  59. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  60. // 设置返回集合取消状态码
  61. Other.this.setResult(RESULT_CANCELED, Other.this.getIntent());
  62. // 结束当前Activity
  63. Other.this.finish();
  64. }
  65. });
  66. }
  67. }

学习了intent的基本用途，下节我们来学习Intent调用系统指令来完成一些其他操作

下节预报：Intent进阶

时间： 2024-11-06 04:31:59

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