题意是求:
$\sum_{i = 1}^{n}lcm(i, n)$
$= \sum_{i = 1}^{n}\frac{ni}{gcd(i, n)}$
$= n\sum_{i = 1}^{n}\frac{i}{gcd(i, n)}$
$= n\sum_{d|n}\sum_{i = 1}^{n}d*[gcd(i, n)==d]$
$= n\sum_{d|n}\sum_{i = 1}^{\frac{n}{d}}i*[gcd(i, \frac{n}{d})==1]$
$= n\sum_{d|n}\sum_{i = 1}^{d}i*[gcd(i, d)==1]$
设$h(d) = \sum_{i = 1}^{d}i*[gcd(i, d)==1]$,其实是求在$1,2,3...d$的范围内与$d$互质的数的总和,当$d>1$时,它就等于$\frac{\phi (d) * d}{2}$
证明:
因为$gcd(i, d) == 1$,那么也有$gcd(d - i, d) == 1$,所以假如$i$与$d$互质,那么$d - i$也与$d$互质,它们的和是$d$,也就是说在$1, 2, 3, ..., d$中,这样的数对一共有$\frac{\phi (d)}{2}$个,每一对的和是$d$,所以$h(d) = \frac{\phi (d) * d}{2}$
$h(1)$当然是等于$1$的。
这样我们线性筛出欧拉函数$\phi (i)$,然后再暴力算$h(i)$,最后询问的时候输出$h(n) * n$.
时间复杂度是$O(MaxNlogMaxN + T)$。
Code:
#include <cstdio> #include <cstring> using namespace std; typedef long long ll; const int N = 1e6 + 5; const int Maxn = 1e6; int testCase, pCnt = 0, pri[N]; ll h[N], phi[N]; bool np[N]; template <typename T> inline void read(T &X) { X = 0; char ch = 0; T op = 1; for(; ch > ‘9‘|| ch < ‘0‘; ch = getchar()) if(ch == ‘-‘) op = -1; for(; ch >= ‘0‘ && ch <= ‘9‘; ch = getchar()) X = (X << 3) + (X << 1) + ch - 48; X *= op; } void sieve() { phi[1] = 1LL; for(int i = 2; i <= Maxn; i++) { if(!np[i]) pri[++pCnt] = i, phi[i] = i - 1; for(int j = 1; j <= pCnt && pri[j] * i <= Maxn; j++) { np[i * pri[j]] = 1; if(i % pri[j] == 0) { phi[i * pri[j]] = phi[i] * pri[j]; break; } phi[i * pri[j]] = phi[i] * (pri[j] - 1); } } for(int i = 1; i <= Maxn; i++) { ll now = phi[i] * i / 2; if(i == 1) now = 1LL; for(int j = i; j <= Maxn; j += i) h[j] += now; } } int main() { sieve(); for(read(testCase); testCase--; ) { int n; read(n); printf("%lld\n", 1LL * n * h[n]); } return 0; }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/CzxingcHen/p/9687956.html