场景：
linux6.4虚拟机，配置1块5G磁盘，做过LVM，现要将磁盘扩大至21G，并将扩充后的空间加入现存的LVM组。
步骤：
1、在VMware上对磁盘进行扩容（略）
2、查看硬件是否扩容成功
命令: fdisk -l (root用户)
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[[email protected] ~]$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000c82f5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 1045 7875584 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_master-lv_root: 7205 MB, 7205814272 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 876 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_master-lv_swap: 855 MB, 855638016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 104 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
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发现已经变成21.5G了
3、将多出的空间进行分区。
命令：fdisk /dev/sda
键入p 查看分区数量，得到：
由此判断我们增加的分区号应该为3(dev/sda1,dev/sda2……接下来应该是dev/sda3了吧)
键入n，增加一个分区，得到：
键入 p，主分区，并键入3（编号）：
默认起始扇区和结束扇区即可(键入两次Enter)
键入t，修改分区类型为8e：
键入w，写分区表，然后重启系统：
4、对新建分区进行格式化
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3
.ext4是自己的文件系统类型，如果不知道的话，可以查询：
parted /dev/sda
(parted) print list
5、卷扩容，添加进LVM组：
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sda3 初始化刚才的分区
lvm> vgextend vg_master /dev/sda3 将初始化过的分区加入到虚拟卷组vg_master
lvm>lvextend -L +12G /dev/vg_master/lv_root 扩展已有卷的容量
（也可使用这条命令将所有剩余空间扩展到已有的LV）
lvm>lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vg_master/lv_root
lvm>pvdisplay 查看卷容量
6、文件系统扩容
resize2fs /dev/vg_master/lv_root
查看文件系统类型的Linux命令
不需挂载就能查看的命令：
1. file
[[email protected] dev]# file -s /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data (extents) (huge files)
2.parted
[[email protected] dev]# parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 1.8.8
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type ‘help‘ to view a list of commands.
(parted) print
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 32.3kB 206MB 206MB primary ext3 boot
2 206MB 21.5GB 21.3GB primary lvm
3.fdisk
[[email protected] dev]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0007c1e8
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 26 2610 20764012+ 8e Linux LVM
需要挂载才能查看的命令：
1.mount
[[email protected] dev]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 on / type ext3 (rw)
/proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
2.df
[[email protected] dev]# df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
ext3 18320140 3426724 13962808 20% /
/dev/sda1 ext3 194442 13480 170923 8% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 516908 0 516908 0% /dev/shm
3.stat
[[email protected] /]# stat -f bin
File: "bin"
ID: 3ef5d5f4a8cc1340 Namelen: 255 Type: ext2/ext3
Block size: 4096 Fundamental block size: 4096
Blocks: Total: 4580035 Free: 3723354 Available: 3490702
Inodes: Total: 1163264 Free: 1044678