UDP主要丢包原因及具体问题分析

一、主要丢包原因

1、接收端处理时间过长导致丢包:调用recv方法接收端收到数据后,处理数据花了一些时间,处理完后再次调用recv方法,在这二次调用间隔里,发过来的包可能丢失。对于这种情况可以修改接收端,将包接收后存入一个缓冲区,然后迅速返回继续recv。

2、发送的包巨大丢包:虽然send方法会帮你做大包切割成小包发送的事情,但包太大也不行。例如超过50K的一个udp包,不切割直接通过send方法发送也会导致这个包丢失。这种情况需要切割成小包再逐个send。

3、发送的包较大,超过接受者缓存导致丢包:包超过mtu size数倍,几个大的udp包可能会超过接收者的缓冲,导致丢包。这种情况可以设置socket接收缓冲。以前遇到过这种问题,我把接收缓冲设置成64K就解决了。

int nRecvBuf=32*1024;//设置为32K

setsockopt(s,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,(const char*)&nRecvBuf,sizeof(int));

4、发送的包频率太快:虽然每个包的大小都小于mtu size 但是频率太快,例如40多个mut size的包连续发送中间不sleep,也有可能导致丢包。这种情况也有时可以通过设置socket接收缓冲解决,但有时解决不了。所以在发送频率过快的时候还是考虑sleep一下吧。

5、局域网内不丢包,公网上丢包。这个问题我也是通过切割小包并sleep发送解决的。如果流量太大,这个办法也不灵了。总之udp丢包总是会有的,如果出现了用我的方法解决不了,还有这个几个方法: 要么减小流量,要么换tcp协议传输,要么做丢包重传的工作。
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