类的方法

1.静态方法

class Dog(object):    def __init__(self,name):        self.name = name

@staticmethod    def eat(self):        print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name,"apple"))

def talk(self):        print("%s is talking"% self.name)

ainemo=Dog("tom")ainemo.eat(ainemo)ainemo.talk()#只是名义上归类管理，实际上在静态方法里访问不了实例中的任何属性

显示结果：tom is eating appletom is talking

2.类方法

class Dog(object):    name = "jack"   #只有类变量才能在“类方法”中起作用    def __init__(self,name):        self.name = name    #实例变量不起作用

@classmethod    def eat(self):        print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name,"apple"))

def talk(self):        print("%s is talking"% self.name)

d=Dog("tom")d.eat()

#只能访问类变量，不能访问实例变量显示结果：jack is eating apple

3.属性方法

class Dog(object):    def __init__(self,name):        self.name = name        self.__food = None

@property   #attribute    def eat(self):        print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name,self.__food))

@eat.setter    def eat(self,food):        print("food is %s" % food)        #print("修改成功，%s is eating %s" % (self.name,food))        self.__food = food

@eat.deleter    def eat(self):        del self.__food        print("删完了")

def talk(self):        print("%s is talking"% self.name)

d=Dog("tom")d.eatd.eat="banana"d.eat#del d.eat　　#会报错，因为将self.__food整个变量删除了#d.eat   

#把一个方法变成一个静态属性显示结果：tom is eating Nonefood is bananatom is eating banana

4.反射

1.hasattr

class Dog(object):    def __init__(self,name):        self.name = name

def bulk(self):        print("%s is yelling....." % self.name)

def run(self):        print("%s is running....." % self.name)

d = Dog("tom")choice = input(">>:").strip()print(hasattr(d,choice))

显示结果：>>:runTrue

2.getattr

class Dog(object):    def __init__(self,name):        self.name = name

def bulk(self):        print("%s is yelling....." % self.name)

def run(self):        print("%s is running....." % self.name)

d = Dog("tom")choice = input(">>:").strip()# print(hasattr(d,choice))#print(getattr(d,choice))getattr(d,choice)()

显示结果：>>:run<bound method Dog.run of <__main__.Dog object at 0x000000B2BFDC98D0>>tom is running.....

3.setattr

def eat(self):    print("%s is eating....." %self.name)

class Dog(object):    def __init__(self,name):        self.name = name

def bulk(self):        print("%s is yelling....." % self.name)

def run(self):        print("%s is running....." % self.name)

d = Dog("tom")choice = input(">>:").strip()# print(hasattr(d,choice))## print(getattr(d,choice))# getattr(d,choice)()

if hasattr(d,choice):    # attr = getattr(d,choice)    setattr(d,choice,"jack")    print(getattr(d,choice))else:    setattr(d,choice,eat)    print(getattr(d,choice))    d.eat(d)

显示结果：>>:eat<function eat at 0x000000C37E183E18>tom is eating....