MaxScale 是 MariaDB 的产品之一，可以很方便的实现读写分离方案；并且提供了读写分离的负载均衡和高可用性保障。
一、安装配置
前提：先配置好mysql的主从，Maxscale会根据主从复制信息来判断Master和slave
注：不能配置mysql互为主从，如果互为主从，两台都会被认为slave,在这种情况下，写请求会被拒绝，只接受读请求。
1.1.安装
官网下载对应的rpm包，
wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MaxScale/2.0.3/centos/6server/x86_64/maxscale-2.0.3-1.centos.6.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh maxscale-2.0.3-1.centos.6.x86_64.rpm
生成配置文件 /etc/maxscale.conf，配置文件由多个配置模块组成
vi /etc/maxscale.conf #全局配置： [maxscale] threads=auto log_info=1 log_notice=1 log_warning=1 #后端mysql定义 [server1] type=server address=192.168.10.1 port=3306 protocol=MySQLBackend [server2] type=server address=192.168.10.2 port=3306 protocol=MySQLBackend #监控配置 [MySQL Monitor] type=monitor module=mysqlmon #监控模块使用mysqlmon servers=server1,server2 user=admin #admin监控后端mysql的复制状况，必须具有REPLICATION CLIENT权限 passwd=123456 monitor_interval=10000 script=/opt/mysql_monitor.sh #定义事件触发脚本执行 events=master_down #当master down时，执行上面的脚本 [Read-Write Service] type=service router=readwritesplit #读写分离路由模式 servers=server1,server2 user=maxscale #该用户从后端mysql获取用户信息，对客户端进行身份验证，必须具有mysql.user table的select权限 passwd=maxscale max_slave_connections=100% max_slave_replication_lag=3600000 #最大允许slave的数据落后master 3600秒，仍然可用 connection_timeout=300 router_options=master_failure_mode=error_on_write #允许master down掉，slave仍然可读 #router_options=master_accept_reads=true #允许master接受读请求 [Read-Write Listener] type=listener service=Read-Write Service protocol=MySQLClient port=3306 #管理服务配置 [MaxAdmin Service] type=service router=cli #管理服务监听 [MaxAdmin Listener] type=listener service=MaxAdmin Service protocol=maxscaled socket=default
二、管理
Maxscale提供了maxadmin命令用于查看管理
[[email protected] ~]# maxadmin list - Unknown or missing option for the list command. Valid sub-commands are: clients List all the client connections to MaxScale dcbs List all the DCBs active within MaxScale filters List all the filters defined within MaxScale listeners List all the listeners defined within MaxScale modules List all currently loaded modules monitors List all monitors services List all the services defined within MaxScale servers List all the servers defined within MaxScale sessions List all the active sessions within MaxScale threads List the status of the polling threads in MaxScale
[[email protected] ~]# maxadmin list servers Servers. -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+-------------------- Server | Address | Port | Connections | Status -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+-------------------- server1 | 192.168.10.1 | 3306 | 0 | Master, Running server2 | 192.168.10.2 | 3306 | 0 | Slave, Running -------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
三、高可用性
Maxscale默认提供读写分离和读的高可用性，要实现写的高可用性，可以使用两种途径：
1.需要使用Multi-MasterMonitor监控模块，不同于上文使用的mysqlmon模块，该模块是通过read_only参数来选举Master和Slave,结合脚本可以实现在Master 宕机的时候，取消slave的read_only属性，这样slave就会变成Master
2.使用高可用软件MMM
时间： 2024-10-02 18:10:51