定义Foo,Bar
其中,Bar继承Foo
a是Bar的实例,包含有Foo和Bar的函数和属性:
function Foo(name) { this.name = name; } Foo.prototype.myName = function() { return this.name; }; function Bar(name,label) { Foo.call( this, name ); this.label = label; } // here, we make a new `Bar.prototype` // linked to `Foo.prototype` Bar.prototype = Object.create( Foo.prototype ); //核心代码 // Beware! Now `Bar.prototype.constructor` is gone, // and might need to be manually "fixed" if you‘re // in the habit of relying on such properties! Bar.prototype.myLabel = function() { return this.label; }; var a = new Bar( "a", "obj a" ); a.myName(); // "a" a.myLabel(); // "obj a"
其中核心代码为
Bar.prototype = Object.create( Foo.prototype );
我们把这行代码换为以下几种写法,仍可使输出不变,但内部实现则完全不同了。
1、Bar.prototype = Foo.prototype;
推荐指数:★
评价:执行Bar.prototype.myLabel = ...的赋值语句会直接修改Foo.prototype对象本身,还不如不要Bar只用Foo
//第1种 Bar.prototype = Foo.prototype; a; //输出如下 Bar {name: "a", label: "obj a"} a.__proto__; //输出如下 Object {myName: function, myLabel: function, constructor: function} a.__proto__.__proto__; //输出如下 Object {method: function, __defineGetter__: function, __defineSetter__: function, hasOwnProperty: function, __lookupGetter__: function…}
2、Bar.prototype = new Foo();
推荐指数:★
评价:Foo函数的内容有可能产生副作用,他的操作将直接影响Bar()的后代,后果不堪设想。如下面的undefined
//第2种 Bar.prototype = new Foo(); a; //输出如下 Bar {name: "a", label: "obj a"} a.__proto__; //输出如下 Foo {name: undefined, myLabel: function} a.__proto__.__proto__; //输出如下 Object {myName: function, constructor: function}
3、Object.setPrototypeOf(Bar.prototype,Foo.prototype);
推荐指数:★★★★★
评价:完美,Bar的构造函数没变
Bar.prototype.constructor
function Bar(name,label) {
Foo.call( this, name );
this.label = label;
}
//第3种 Object.setPrototypeOf(Bar.prototype,Foo.prototype); a; //输出如下 Bar {name: "a", label: "obj a"} a.__proto__; //输出如下 Foo {myLabel: function, constructor: function} a.__proto__.__proto__; //输出如下 Object {myName: function, constructor: function}
4、Bar.prototype = Object.create(Foo.prototype);
推荐指数:★★★★
评价: Bar.prototype本身的constructor丢失了,去原型找,导致
Bar.prototype.constructor
function Foo(name) {
this.name = name;
}
//原文 Bar.prototype = Object.create(Foo.prototype); a; //输出如下 Bar {name: "a", label: "obj a"} a.__proto__; //输出如下 Foo {myLabel: function} a.__proto__.__proto__; //输出如下 Object {myName: function, constructor: function}
时间: 2024-11-09 08:34:11