题目链接：Play with Floor and Ceil

UVA - 10673

Play with Floor and Ceil

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Description

Problem A

Input: standard input

Output: standard output

Time Limit: 1 second

Theorem

For any two integers x and k there exists two more integersp and
q such that:

It’s a fairly easy task to prove this theorem, so we’d not ask you to do that. We’d ask for something even easier! Given the values ofx and
k, you’d only need to find integers p and
q that satisfies the given equation.

Input

The first line of the input contains an integer, T (1≤T≤1000)
that gives you the number of test cases. In each of the following T lines you’d be given two positive integersx and
k. You can safely assume that x andk will always be less than
10⁸.

Output

For each of the test cases print two integers: p and
q in one line. These two integers are to be separated by a single space. If there are multiple pairs ofp and
q that satisfy the equation, any one would do. But to help us keep our task simple, please make sure that the values, andfit
in a64 bit signed integer.

Sample Input                              Output for Sample Input

Problem setter: Monirul Hasan, Member of Elite Problemsetters‘ Panel

Special Thanks: Shahriar Manzoor, Member of Elite Problemsetters‘ Panel

Source

Root :: Prominent Problemsetters :: Monirul Hasan

Root :: Competitive Programming 3: The New Lower Bound of Programming Contests (Steven & Felix Halim) :: Mathematics :: Number Theory ::Extended
Euclid

Root :: Competitive Programming 2: This increases the lower bound of Programming Contests. Again (Steven & Felix Halim) :: Mathematics :: Number Theory ::Extended
Euclid

Root :: AOAPC I: Beginning Algorithm Contests (Rujia Liu) :: Volume 6. Mathematical Concepts and Methods

Root :: AOAPC I: Beginning Algorithm Contests -- Training Guide (Rujia Liu) :: Chapter 2. Mathematics :: Number Theory ::Exercises: Beginner

数学类简单题。。

题意：就是找有没有符合题中那个式子的p和q，有就输出p和q

思路：先从p入手，0到k扫一边，如果存在有q可以使式子满足就break，再输出p和q

简单说下floor和ceil，他们都是math头文件中的库函数，floor表示向下取整，ceil表示向上取整

在C语言的库函数中，floor函数的语法如下：

#include <math.h>

double floor( double arg );

功能： 函数返回参数不大于arg的最大整数。例如,

x = 6.04;

y = floor( x );

y的值为6.0.

AC代码：

/*************************************************************************
	> File Name: b.cpp
	> Author: zzuspy
	> Mail: [email protected]
	> Created Time: 2014年12月01日 星期一 21时41分53秒
 ************************************************************************/

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#define LL long long
#define max3(a,b,c) max(a,max(b,c))
#define min3(a,b,c) min(a,min(b,c))
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	int T;
	scanf("%d", &T);
	while(T--)
	{
		int x, k;
		scanf("%d %d", &x, &k);
		int p, q, fl = (int)floor((double)x/k), ce = (int)ceil((double)x/k);
		for(p = 0; p <= k; p++)
		{
			q = (x-p*fl)/ce;
			if((LL)p*fl+(LL)q*ce == (LL)x)       //判断q是否成立，这里p*fl要加个（LL），防止int溢出
				break;
		}
		printf("%d %d\n", p, q);
	}
	return 0;
}