1.相关视图
v$backup_files
v$backup_set
v$backup_piece
v$backup_redolog
v$backup_spfile
v$backup_device
v$rman_configuration
v$archived_log
v$backup_corruption
v$copy_corruption
v$database_block_corruption
v$backup_datafile
2.查看channel对应的server sessions
使用set command id命令
查询v$process和v$session判断哪一个会话与之对应的RMAN通道
SQL> select sid,username,client_info from v$session
2 where client_info is not null;
SID USERNAME CLIENT_INFO
---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
146 SYS rman channel=ORA_DISK_1
148 SYS rman channel=ORA_DISK_2
150 SYS rman channel=ORA_DISK_3
--下面使用了set command id命令
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel ch1 type disk;
3> set command id to ‘rman‘;
4> backup as copy datafile 4
5> format ‘/u01/app/oracle/rmanbak/dd_%U‘;
6> }
SQL> select sid,username,client_info from v$session
2 where client_info is not null;
SID USERNAME CLIENT_INFO
---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
140 SYS id=rman
SQL> select sid,spid,client_info
2 from v$process p ,v$session s
3 where p.addr = s.paddr
4 and client_info like ‘%id=%‘;
SID SPID CLIENT_INFO
---------- ------------ ------------------------------
140 5002 id=rman
--查看rman完整的进度
SQL> select sid,serial#,context,sofar,totalwork,
2 round(sofar/totalwork*100,2) "% Complete"
3 from v$session_longops
4 where opname like ‘RMAN:%‘
5 and opname not like ‘RMAN:aggregate%‘
6 and totalwork!=0;
--通过如下SQL获得rman用来完成备份操作的服务进程的SID与SPID信息：
select sid, spid, client_info
from v$process p, v$session s
where p.addr = s.paddr
and client_info like ‘%id=rman%‘
3.Linux下的rman自动备份
备份脚本+crontab
bak_inc0 ：0级增量备份，每周日使用级增量进行备份
bak_inc1 ：1级增量备份，每周三使用级增量备份，备份从周日以来到周三所发生的数据变化
bak_inc2 ：2级增量备份，备份每天发生的差异增量。如从周日到周一的差异，从周一到周二的差异
--下面是级增量的脚本，其余级与级依法炮制，所不同的是备份级别以及tag标记
[[email protected] scripts]$ cat bak_inc0
run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0
format ‘/u01/oracle/bk/rmbk/incr0_%d_%U‘
tag ‘day_incr0‘
database plus archivelog delete input;
release channel ch1;
}
逐个测试脚本
[[email protected] bk]$ rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc0.log /
> cmdfile=/u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc0.rcv
RMAN> 2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> 9>
[[email protected] bk]$
编辑crontab
[[email protected] ~]# whoami
root
[[email protected] ~]# crontab -e -u oracle
45 23 * * 0 rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc0.log append cmdfile = /u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc0.rcv
45 23 * * 1 rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc2.log append cmdfile = /u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc2.rcv
45 23 * * 2 rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc2.log append cmdfile = /u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc2.rcv
45 23 * * 3 rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc1.log append cmdfile = /u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc1.rcv
45 23 * * 4 rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc2.log append cmdfile = /u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc2.rcv
45 23 * * 5 rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc2.log append cmdfile = /u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc2.rcv
45 23 * * 6 rman target / log=/u01/oracle/bk/log/bak_inc2.log append cmdfile = /u01/oracle/bk/scripts/bak_inc2.rcv
"/tmp/crontab.XXXXInBzgR" 7L, 791C written
crontab: installing new crontab
保存之后重启crontab
[[email protected] ~]# service crond restart
Stopping crond: [ OK ]
Starting crond: [ OK ]
检查自动备份是否成功执行