WebSocket 是 HTML5 开始提供的一种在单个 TCP 连接上进行全双工通讯的协议。
WebSocket 使得客户端和服务器之间的数据交换变得更加简单，允许服务端主动向客户端推送数据。
在 WebSocket API 中，浏览器和服务器只需要完成一次握手的动作，浏览器和服务器之间就形成了一条快速通道创建持久性的连接，两者之间就直接可以数据互相传送。(长连接，循环连接的不算)
现在，很多网站为了实现推送技术，所用的技术都是 Ajax 轮询。轮询是在特定的的时间间隔（如每1秒），由浏览器对服务器发出HTTP请求，然后由服务器返回最新的数据给客户端的浏览器。
这种传统的模式带来很明显的缺点，即浏览器需要不断的向服务器发出请求，然而HTTP请求可能包含较长的头部，其中真正有效的数据可能只是很小的一部分，显然这样会浪费很多的带宽等资源。
php应用实现webSocket更多使用workerman或swoole框架.
简单实现webSocket(demo)
serverSocket.php文件
1 <?php
2
3 class SocketService
4 {
5 private $address;
6 private $port;
7 private $_sockets;
8 public function __construct($address = ‘‘, $port=‘‘)
9 {
10 if(!empty($address)){
11 $this->address = $address;
12 }
13 if(!empty($port)) {
14 $this->port = $port;
15 }
16 }
17
18 public function service(){
19 //获取tcp协议号码。
20 $tcp = getprotobyname("tcp");
21 $sock = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, $tcp);
22 socket_set_option($sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, 1);
23 if($sock < 0)
24 {
25 throw new Exception("failed to create socket: ".socket_strerror($sock)."\n");
26 }
27 socket_bind($sock, $this->address, $this->port);
28 socket_listen($sock, $this->port);
29 echo "listen on $this->address $this->port ... \n";
30 $this->_sockets = $sock;
31 }
32
33 public function run(){
34 $this->service();
35 $clients[] = $this->_sockets;
36 while (true){
37 $changes = $clients;
38 $write = NULL;
39 $except = NULL;
40 socket_select($changes, $write, $except, NULL);
41 foreach ($changes as $key => $_sock){
42 if($this->_sockets == $_sock){ //判断是不是新接入的socket
43 if(($newClient = socket_accept($_sock)) === false){
44 die(‘failed to accept socket: ‘.socket_strerror($_sock)."\n");
45 }
46 $line = trim(socket_read($newClient, 1024));
47 $this->handshaking($newClient, $line);
48 //获取client ip
49 socket_getpeername ($newClient, $ip);
50 $clients[$ip] = $newClient;
51 echo "Client ip:{$ip} \n";
52 echo "Client msg:{$line} \n";
53 } else {
54 socket_recv($_sock, $buffer, 2048, 0);
55 $msg = $this->message($buffer);
56 //在这里业务代码
57 echo "{$key} clinet msg:",$msg,"\n";
58 fwrite(STDOUT, ‘Please input a argument:‘);
59 $response = trim(fgets(STDIN));
60 $this->send($_sock, $response);
61 echo "{$key} response to Client:".$response,"\n";
62 }
63 }
64 }
65 }
66
67 /**
68 * 握手处理
69 * @param $newClient socket
70 * @return int 接收到的信息
71 */
72 public function handshaking($newClient, $line){
73
74 $headers = array();
75 $lines = preg_split("/\r\n/", $line);
76 foreach($lines as $line)
77 {
78 $line = chop($line);
79 if(preg_match(‘/\A(\S+): (.*)\z/‘, $line, $matches))
80 {
81 $headers[$matches[1]] = $matches[2];
82 }
83 }
84 $secKey = $headers[‘Sec-WebSocket-Key‘];
85 $secAccept = base64_encode(pack(‘H*‘, sha1($secKey . ‘258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11‘)));
86 $upgrade = "HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake\r\n" .
87 "Upgrade: websocket\r\n" .
88 "Connection: Upgrade\r\n" .
89 "WebSocket-Origin: $this->address\r\n" .
90 "WebSocket-Location: ws://$this->address:$this->port/websocket/websocket\r\n".
91 "Sec-WebSocket-Accept:$secAccept\r\n\r\n";
92 return socket_write($newClient, $upgrade, strlen($upgrade));
93 }
94
95 /**
96 * 解析接收数据
97 * @param $buffer
98 * @return null|string
99 */
100 public function message($buffer){
101 $len = $masks = $data = $decoded = null;
102 $len = ord($buffer[1]) & 127;
103 if ($len === 126) {
104 $masks = substr($buffer, 4, 4);
105 $data = substr($buffer, 8);
106 } else if ($len === 127) {
107 $masks = substr($buffer, 10, 4);
108 $data = substr($buffer, 14);
109 } else {
110 $masks = substr($buffer, 2, 4);
111 $data = substr($buffer, 6);
112 }
113 for ($index = 0; $index < strlen($data); $index++) {
114 $decoded .= $data[$index] ^ $masks[$index % 4];
115 }
116 return $decoded;
117 }
118
119 /**
120 * 发送数据
121 * @param $newClinet 新接入的socket
122 * @param $msg 要发送的数据
123 * @return int|string
124 */
125 public function send($newClinet, $msg){
126 $msg = $this->frame($msg);
127 socket_write($newClinet, $msg, strlen($msg));
128 }
129
130 public function frame($s) {
131 $a = str_split($s, 125);
132 if (count($a) == 1) {
133 return "\x81" . chr(strlen($a[0])) . $a[0];
134 }
135 $ns = "";
136 foreach ($a as $o) {
137 $ns .= "\x81" . chr(strlen($o)) . $o;
138 }
139 return $ns;
140 }
141
142 /**
143 * 关闭socket
144 */
145 public function close(){
146 return socket_close($this->_sockets);
147 }
148 }
149
150 $sock = new SocketService(‘127.0.0.1‘,‘9000‘);
151 $sock->run();
web.html 文件
1 <!doctype html>
2 <html lang="en">
3 <head>
4 <meta charset="UTF-8">
5 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
6 <title>websocket</title>
7 </head>
8 <body>
9 <input id="text" value="">
10 <input type="submit" value="send" onclick="start()">
11 <input type="submit" value="close" onclick="close()">
12 <div id="msg"></div>
13 <script>
14 /**
15 *0：未连接
16 *1：连接成功，可通讯
17 *2：正在关闭
18 *3：连接已关闭或无法打开
19 */
20 //创建一个webSocket 实例
21 var webSocket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:9000");
22
23
24 webSocket.onerror = function (event){
25 onError(event);
26 };
27
28 // 打开websocket
29 webSocket.onopen = function (event){
30 onOpen(event);
31 };
32
33 //监听消息
34 webSocket.onmessage = function (event){
35 onMessage(event);
36 };
37
38
39 webSocket.onclose = function (event){
40 onClose(event);
41 }
42
43 //关闭监听websocket
44 function onError(event){
45 document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML = "<p>close</p>";
46 console.log("error"+event.data);
47 };
48
49 function onOpen(event){
50 console.log("open:"+sockState());
51 document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML = "<p>Connect to Service</p>";
52 };
53
54 function onMessage(event){
55 console.log("onMessage");
56 document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML += "<p>response:"+event.data+"</p>"
57 };
58
59 function onClose(event){
60 document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML = "<p>close</p>";
61 console.log("close:"+sockState());
62 webSocket.close();
63 }
64
65 function sockState(){
66 var status = [‘未连接‘,‘连接成功，可通讯‘,‘正在关闭‘,‘连接已关闭或无法打开‘];
67 return status[webSocket.readyState];
68 }
69
70 function start(event){
71 console.log(webSocket);
72 var msg = document.getElementById(‘text‘).value;
73 document.getElementById(‘text‘).value = ‘‘;
74 console.log("send:"+sockState());
75 console.log("msg="+msg);
76 webSocket.send("msg="+msg);
77 document.getElementById("msg").innerHTML += "<p>request"+msg+"</p>"
78 };
79
80 function close(event){
81 webSocket.close();
82 }
83 </script>
84 </body>
85 </html>
运行结果:
准备工作开启扩展: php需要打开websocket的配置，在php安装目录下的php.ini extension=php_sockets.dll
先执行脚本 例如: php -q serverSocket.php
后执行页面 例如: http://web.html
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/cxx8181602/p/10142140.html
时间： 2024-11-09 21:37:39