python读取二进制mnist

training data 数据结构：

[offset] [type]          [value]          [description]
0000     32 bit integer  0x00000803(2051) magic number
0004     32 bit integer  60000            number of images
0008     32 bit integer  28               number of rows
0012     32 bit integer  28               number of columns
0016     unsigned byte   ??               pixel
0017     unsigned byte   ??               pixel
........
xxxx     unsigned byte   ??               pixel

将整个文件读入：

filename = ‘train-images.idx3-ubyte‘
binfile = open(filename , ‘rb‘)
buf = binfile.read()

读取头四个32bit的interger:

index = 0
magic, numImages , numRows , numColumns = struct.unpack_from(‘>IIII‘ , buf , index)
index += struct.calcsize(‘>IIII‘)

读取一个图片，784=28*28 ：

im = struct.unpack_from(‘>784B‘ ,buf, index)
index += struct.calcsize(‘>784B‘)

im = np.array(im)
im = im.reshape(28,28)

fig = plt.figure()
plotwindow = fig.add_subplot(111)
plt.imshow(im , cmap=‘gray‘)
plt.show()