1、概述
2、所需软件
3、MySQL软件的安装（rpm安装,两台服务器上都要安装数据库软件）
3.1、查询服务器上是否已经安装的mysql
# rpm -aq | grep mariadb
3.2、先卸载旧的版本
# 如果是生产环境，请谨慎卸载，这个包可能会影响其它软件的使用，如果不卸载，安装mysql5.7会报错，即安装不了。
卸载旧版本mariadb
rpm -e mariadb-libs –nodeps
3.3、安装软件
//新建msyql用户禁止登录shell
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql
解压
tar xvf mysql-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
安装软件
rpm -ivf mysql-community-common-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-libs-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-client-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-embedded-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-devel-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-server-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
// mysql-community-test依赖perl,需要安装perl-Data-Dumper与perl(JSON)
yum install perl-Data-Dumper perl-JSON -y
rpm -ivf mysql-community-test-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivf mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3.4、MySQL 5.7.15修改密码
/bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
查看密码
sudo grep ‘temporary password‘ /var/log/mysqld.log
mysql -u root -p //输入上条命令查看到的密码
进入mysql，修改密码
mysql> set password=password(‘123456‘);
mysql>flush privileges;
设置开机启动
systemctl enable mysqld
3.5、开启mysql的3306端口号，给root用户授权，用于远程访问
3.5.1、永久关闭iptables与Selinux
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
临时关闭Selinux
setenforce 0
永久关闭Selinux
sed -i ‘/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/‘ /etc/selinux/config
重启系统生效
3.5.2、给root用户授权，使远程客户端才能够连接过来
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> flush privileges;
4、主从复制配置步骤如下：
4.1、主从服务器分别作以下操作：
systemctl stop mysqld
4.2、修改主服务器master:
#vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
default-character-set=gbk
[mysqld]
character-set-server=gbk
basedir=/usr
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
port=3306
server_id=173
log_bin=master-bin
log_bin_index=master-bin.index
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=1000
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log_file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_slow_query.log
binlog_format=row
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
4.3、修改从服务器slave:
#vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
default-character-set=gbk
[mysqld]
character-set-server=gbk
log_bin=slave-bin
log_bin_index=slave-bin.index
basedir=/usr
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
port=3306
server_id=178
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
relay_log=relay-log
relay_log_index=relay-log.index
skip-name-resolve
max-connections=1000
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log_file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_slow_query.log
binlog_format=row
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
4.4、重启两台服务器的mysql
systemctl start mysqld
4.5、在主服务器上建立帐户并授权slave:
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to [email protected]‘192.168.1.178‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
mysql>flush privileges;
4.6、登录主服务器的mysql，查询master的状态
注：执行完此步骤后不要再操作主服务器MYSQL，防止主服务器状态值变化
4.7、配置从服务器Slave：
mysql> change master to master_host=‘192.168.1.173‘,master_user=‘apexsoft‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘master-bin.000001‘,master_log_pos=309;
如果在一个机器多个实例上，可能需要指定端口号或者修改了mysql 默认端口号，在配置主从复制的时候需要加上MASTER_PORT=3306；
启动从服务器复制功能
mysql>start slave;
4.8、检查从服务器复制功能状态：
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.173 //主服务器地址
Master_User: apexsoft //授权帐户名，尽量避免使用root
Master_Port: 3306 //数据库端口，部分版本没有此行
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 322 //#同步读取二进制日志的位置，大于等于>=Exec_Master_Log_Pos
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 284
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes //此状态必须YES
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //此状态必须YES
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 322
Relay_Log_Space: 451
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 205
Master_UUID: dcc7a60f-2c1d-11e5-ad33-000c29133345
Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注：Slave_IO及Slave_SQL进程必须正常运行，即YES状态，否则都是错误的状态(如：其中一个NO均属错误)。
以上操作过程，主从服务器配置完成。
可以从主服务器上查看从服务器连接状态：
mysql>show processlist;
4.9、主从服务器测试：
主服务器Mysql，建立数据库，并在这个库中建表插入一条数据：
mysql> create database apex_db;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use apex_db;
Database changed
mysql> create table apex_tb(id int(3),name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into apex_tb values(001,‘ apex ‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| apex_db |
| mysql |
| test |
+——————–+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从服务器Mysql查询：
mysql> show databases;
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| apex_db |
| mysql |
| test |
+——————–+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use apex_db
Database changed
mysql> select * from apex_tb; //可以看到在主服务器上新增的具体数据
+——+——+
| id | name |
+——+——+
| 1 | apex |
+——+——+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)