ASA LAB-ASA NAT配置大全
两种NAT配置方式 :
1- Auto(object)NAT
2- Twice NAT
NAT分类 :
Static nat
Dynamic nat
Static PAT
Dynamic PAT
Nat exmption
今天抽空做了下八大类NAT的实验，这个文档比较常用，愿大家共同进步
实验：
先看下 ASA的基本配置和环境
ciscoasa# sh run
: Saved
:
ASA Version 8.4(2)
!
hostname ciscoasa
enable password 8Ry2YjIyt7RRXU24 encrypted
passwd 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted
names
!
interface GigabitEthernet0
shutdown
no nameif
no security-level
no ip address
!
interface GigabitEthernet1
description DMZ
nameif DMZ
security-level 50
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet2
nameif inside
security-level 100
ip address 10.1.20.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet3
nameif outside
security-level 0
ip address 10.1.30.1 255.255.255.0
!
ftp mode passive
pager lines 24
mtu DMZ 1500
mtu inside 1500
mtu outside 1500
no failover
icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1
no asdm history enable
arp timeout 14400
!
router eigrp 90
no auto-summary
network 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
redistribute static
!
route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.30.3 1
timeout xlate 3:00:00
timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02
timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00
timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00
timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute
timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00
timeout floating-conn 0:00:00
dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy
user-identity default-domain LOCAL
no snmp-server location
no snmp-server contact
snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart warmstart
telnet timeout 5
ssh timeout 5
console timeout 0
threat-detection basic-threat
threat-detection statistics access-list
no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept
!
class-map inspection_default
match default-inspection-traffic
!
!
policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map
parameters
message-length maximum client auto
message-length maximum 512
policy-map global_policy
class inspection_default
inspect dns preset_dns_map
inspect ftp
inspect h323 h225
inspect h323 ras
inspect ip-options
inspect netbios
inspect rsh
inspect rtsp
inspect skinny
inspect esmtp
inspect sqlnet
inspect sunrpc
inspect tftp
inspect sip
inspect xdmcp
inspect icmp
!
service-policy global_policy global
prompt hostname context
no call-home reporting anonymous
call-home
profile CiscoTAC-1
no active
destination address http https://tools.cisco.com/its/service/oddce/services/DDCEService
destination address email [email protected]
destination transport-method http
subscribe-to-alert-group diagnostic
subscribe-to-alert-group environment
subscribe-to-alert-group inventory periodic monthly
subscribe-to-alert-group configuration periodic monthly
subscribe-to-alert-group telemetry periodic daily
crashinfo save disable
Cryptochecksum:239eb7333d302b09c0f2ec5ef970ebde
: end
实验拓扑：
1-Static NAT
需求 把 10.1.30.4 （公网地址）同 inside 的 2.2.2.2映射起来
ciscoasa# sh run access-list
access-list allowping extended permit icmp any any
access-list allowping extended permit 23 any any
ciscoasa# sh run access-group
access-group allowping in interface outside
object network staticnat
host 2.2.2.2
nat (inside,outside) static 10.1.30.4
2-Network static NAT
需求 R1的loopback 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.2 1.1.1.3 同 10.1.30.5-6（公网地址）映射起来
object network dmz-nat
nat (DMZ,outside) static outside-nat
object network outside-nat
range 10.1.30.5 10.1.30.6
object network dmz-nat
range 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.3
3-Static PAT
利用ASA的接口地址 端口给内部host的某一端口使用
比如我们把 10.1.30.1 23 端口跟 2.2.2.2 23端口映射起来
object network inside-nat
host 2.2.2.2
object network inside-nat
nat (inside,outside) static interface service tcp telnet telnet
4-Static NAT DNS Rewriter
目的是内网不需要通过外网再进inside找host
首先ASA 上要激活 DNS inspect
object network inside-nat
nat (inside,outside) static interface dns
5-Dynamic NAT
把多个内网地址映射出多个公网地址 (不常用)
object network INSIDE-SUBNET
subnet 172.20.10.0 255.255.255.0
nat (inside,outside) dynamic OUT-SUBNET
object network OUT-SUBNET
range 10.1.30.5 10.1.30.6
time xlate 0:30:00
6-Dyanmic PAT
动态PAT,把多个内网地址映射到一个公网地址的多个port (常用)
object network INSIDE-SUBNET
subnet 172.20.10.0 255.255.255.0
nat (inside,outside) dynamic interface
7-Static/Dyanmic Identiy NAT
转换本地地址到相同的地址(用的比较少)
ciscoasa(config)# object network test
ciscoasa(config-network-object)# host 222.222.222.222
ciscoasa(config-network-object)# nat (inside,outside) static test
8-Twice NAT
类似以前的policy NAT,能根据流量的源和目的实验不同的转换.
比如说当inside网络访问VPN拨号172.16.1.0/24使用indentity nat技术自己转换到自己
Object nework inside-network
Subnet 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
Object network remote-vpn
Subnet 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0
Nat (inside,outside) source static inside-network inside-network destination static remote-vpn remote-vpn
Twice nat 只要搞清楚了转换前S/D和转换后S/D ,那么就不难写了.
参考链接：
https://www.packet6.com/configuring-nat-for-a-public-server-using-same-outside-interface/