架构描述：
一台主机上安装4个MySQL 服务，其中一个MySQL服务用于存储MySQL Fabric后台数据；另外3个MySQL服务用于主从架构测试。一个主+两个从。
第一部分：二进制方式安装MySQL 5.6.19
1. 操作系统
CentOS release 6.2 (Final)
2. 创建用户和组
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd mysql
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -r -g mysqlmysql
3. 解压安装包（解压到你想存储数据库数据的地方）
[[email protected] ~]# cd /data
[[email protected] data]# tar -xzvf/root/mysql_soft/mysql-5.6.19-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] data]# ln -smysql-5.6.19-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
4. 查看解压情况
[[email protected] data]# ll
总用量 20
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 34 6月 27 15:31 mysql -> mysql-5.6.19-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 13 rootroot 4096 6月 27 15:31 mysql-5.6.19-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
5. 修改文件夹所属用户和组为mysql：
[[email protected] data]# cd mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql.
6. 安装数据库
[[email protected] mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql--datadir=/data/mysql/data
WARNING: The host‘mymaster1.localdomain‘ could not be looked up with /data/mysql/bin/resolveip.
This probably means thatyour libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MySQLversion. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with theexception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that youshould use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MySQLprivileges !
当出现上面警告时，解决方法是：在/etc/hosts配置文件中增加IP地址和主机名的映射
如
[[email protected] Packages]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
IP地址 mymaster1.localdomain
正确的提示信息如下：
[[email protected] mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql--datadir=/data/mysql/data
Installing MySQL system tables...2014-06-2716:02:45 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated.Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentationfor more details).
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB: TheInnoDB memory heap is disabled
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Using Linux native AIO
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Using CPU crc32 instructions
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Completed initialization of buffer pool
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB: Thefirst specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to becreated!
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2014-06-27 16:02:45 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Warning] InnoDB:New log files created, LSN=45781
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Doublewrite buffer created
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB: 128rollback segment(s) are active.
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Warning] InnoDB:Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Foreign key constraint system tables created
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Waiting for purge to start
2014-06-27 16:02:46 2134 [Note] InnoDB:5.6.19 started; log sequence number 0
2014-06-27 16:02:47 2134 [Note] Binlog end
2014-06-27 16:02:47 2134 [Note] InnoDB: FTSoptimize thread exiting.
2014-06-27 16:02:47 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Starting shutdown...
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2134 [Note] InnoDB:Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
OK
Filling help tables...2014-06-27 16:02:48 0[Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for moredetails).
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB: TheInnoDB memory heap is disabled
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Using Linux native AIO
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Using CPU crc32 instructions
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Completed initialization of buffer pool
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB: 128rollback segment(s) are active.
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Waiting for purge to start
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:5.6.19 started; log sequence number 1625977
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] Binlog end
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB: FTSoptimize thread exiting.
2014-06-27 16:02:48 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Starting shutdown...
2014-06-27 16:02:50 2157 [Note] InnoDB:Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have tocopy
support-files/mysql.server to the rightplace for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THEMySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue thefollowing commands:
/data/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password‘
/data/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h mymaster1.localdomain password‘new-password‘
Alternatively you can run:
/data/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option ofremoving the test
databases and anonymous user created bydefault. This is
strongly recommended for productionservers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd. ; /data/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon withmysql-test-run.pl
cdmysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems athttp://bugs.mysql.com/
The latest information about MySQL isavailable on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses athttp://shop.mysql.com
New default config file was created as/data/mysql/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server whenyou start it.
You may edit this file to change serversettings
7. 修改相关目录权限，提高安全性：
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R root .
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql data
8. 配置MySQL服务为主机服务，即能用service mysql start启动服务
[[email protected] mysql]# cpsupport-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# vi +46 /etc/init.d/mysql
把下面的
basedir=
datadir=
修改为
basedir=/data/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
【备注】另外三个mysql服务，可以在这里复制为如下形式：
[[email protected] mysql]#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.3001
[[email protected] mysql]#vi +46 /etc/init.d/mysql.3001
9. 修改配置文件
[[email protected] mysql_3001]# cd/opt/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# vi my.cnf
修改相应的端口号：
[mysqld]
character-set-server=gbk
lower_case_table_names=1
default_storage_engine=myisam
port=3306
gtid_mode=ON
log-bin
log-slave-updates
enforce-gtid-consistency
server_id=1 #【不同的MySQL服务，修改为不同的id】
【备注】：上面的蓝色字体是用于开启GTID复制参数
10. 启动数据库
[[email protected] mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL[确定]
11. 修改数据库root密码
[[email protected] mysql]#/data/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘root‘
[[email protected] mysql]#/data/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h mymaster1.localdomain password ‘ root‘
12. 修改环境变量，把mysql执行文件路径添加到环境变量中
[[email protected] mysql]# vi /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/data/mysql/bin
export PATH
13. 测试登录
[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.19 MySQL CommunityServer (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarksof their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ toclear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> show variables like ‘%data%‘;
+-------------------------------+------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------------------+------------------------+
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| datadir | /data/mysql/data/
14. 添加用于复制的用户（3001上）
mysql> CREATE USER ‘repl‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIEDBY ‘repl‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO‘repl‘@‘%‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
15. 开启复制（3002，3003上）
使用change master to 命令开启复制
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G
下面是重要步骤，安装Fabric
第二部分：安装MySQL Fabric
1. 安装Connector/Python
[[email protected] soft]# rpm -ivhmysql-connector-python-1.2.2-1.el6.noarch.rpm
注：MySQL Fabric使用Connector/Python来连接MySQL，所以必须安装这个连接器
2. 安装Fabric
由于Fabric包含在mysql-utilities，所以只需要安装mysql-utilities就可以了。
[[email protected] soft]# rpm -ivh mysql-utilities-1.4.3-1.el6.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-utilities ########################################### [100%]
3. 配置MySQL Fabric
配置MySQL Fabric需要创建MySQL用户，创建启动配置文件和安装Fabric数据存储
l 创建用户
登录端口号为3306的mysql 服务【作为Fabric后台数据存储】
[[email protected] soft]# mysql -u root -P3306 -p –h mysqlfabric.localdomain
【注】上面登录时需要加主机名，因为一台服务器安装了多个mysql服务
mysql> CREATE USER ‘fabric‘@‘mysqlfabric.localdomain‘IDENTIFIED BY ‘fabric‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON fabric.* TO‘fabric‘@‘mysqlfabric.localdomain‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
l 在另外三台MySQL 服务下创建下面的用户，用于连接被管理的MySQL服务
[[email protected] mysql_3003]# mysql -uroot-P3001 -p -h mysqlfabric.localdomain
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘fabric‘@‘ mysqlfabric.localdomain‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR ‘fabric‘@‘ mysqlfabric.localdomain‘ = PASSWORD(‘fabric‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[[email protected] mysql_3003]# mysql -uroot-P3002 -p -h mysqlfabric.localdomain
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘fabric‘@‘ mysqlfabric.localdomain‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR ‘fabric‘@‘ mysqlfabric.localdomain‘ = PASSWORD(‘fabric‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[[email protected] mysql_3003]# mysql -uroot-P3003 -p -h mysqlfabric.localdomain
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘fabric‘@‘ mysqlfabric.localdomain‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR ‘fabric‘@‘ mysqlfabric.localdomain‘ = PASSWORD(‘fabric‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
l 配置文件
打开配置文件/etc/mysql/fabric.cfg
[[email protected] soft]# vi/etc/mysql/fabric.cfg
修改[storage]部分信息：
[storage]
auth_plugin = mysql_native_password
database = fabric
user = fabric
address = mysqlfabric.localdomain:3306
connection_delay = 1
connection_timeout = 6
password =fabric
connection_attempts = 6
[sharding]
mysqldump_program =/opt/mysql/bin/mysqldump
mysqlclient_program =/opt/mysql/bin/mysql
4. 填充MySQL Fabric后台存储数据（创建库和表）
[[email protected] mysql]# mysqlfabric manage setup--param=storage.user=fabric --param=storage.password=fabric
[INFO] 1404205520.480905 - MainThread -Initializing persister: user (fabric), server (mysqlfabric.localdomain:3306),database (fabric).
Finishing initial setup
=======================
Password for admin user is not yet set.
Password for admin/xmlrpc:
Repeat Password: admin
Password set.admin
5. 启动MySQL Fabric节点
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric managestart
如果想在后台运行，可以加上—daemonize选项
停止方式：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric managestop
6. 配置MySQL Fabric用于主从复制
l 创建组
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric groupcreate my_group
Password for admin:
Procedure :
{ uuid = d7d4581c-a819-47c2-ad31-37c5390e93bd,
finished = True,
success = True,
return = True,
activities =
}
l 把MySQL服务添加到组
错误信息：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric group addmy_group mysqlfabric.localdomain:3001
Procedure :
{ uuid = 5c373b82-d369-413d-a2e0-5b4c60d506c0,
finished = True,
success = False,
return = ServerError: Server (be642e20-00d3-11e4-8d96-0050568f7be4)does not have the binary log or gtid enabled.,
activities =
}
正确信息：
[[email protected] mysql_3003]# mysqlfabricgroup add my_group mysqlfabric.localdomain:3001
Procedure :
{ uuid = baafd4d2-dba8-4863-9a76-74a3e6153065,
finished = True,
success = True,
return = True,
activities =
}
[[email protected] mysql_3003]# mysqlfabric group add my_groupmysqlfabric.localdomain:3002
Procedure :
{ uuid = 2f336426-b12d-4bd2-ab71-0b6c9d513466,
finished = True,
success = True,
return = True,
activities =
}
[[email protected] mysql_3003]# mysqlfabric group add my_groupmysqlfabric.localdomain:3003
Procedure :
{ uuid = 844eba0a-a7bc-4e67-8359-3ab53d0520c7,
finished = True,
success = True,
return = True,
activities =
}
l 把组内一个MySQL服务提升为一个master:
添加MySQL服务到组后，Fabric不会意识到任何主从复制的架构，必须提升组内任何一个MySQL服务为主master,其它服务设置为slave。提升命令如下：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric grouppromote my_group
当组内有一个主master时，新添加到组内的新MySQL服务将自动成为slave。
也可以使用同样的命令使组内的master降级为slave，另选一个slave为master
l 查看my_group组Mysql服务的信息：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric grouplookup_servers my_group
Command :
{ success = True
return = [{‘status‘:‘SECONDARY‘, ‘server_uuid‘: ‘be642e20-00d3-11e4-8d96-0050568f7be4‘, ‘mode‘:‘READ_ONLY‘, ‘weight‘: 1.0, ‘address‘: ‘mysqlfabric.localdomain:3001‘},{‘status‘: ‘SECONDARY‘, ‘server_uuid‘: ‘c696a608-00d5-11e4-8da3-0050568f7be4‘,‘mode‘:
‘READ_ONLY‘, ‘weight‘: 1.0, ‘address‘: ‘mysqlfabric.localdomain:3002‘},{‘status‘: ‘PRIMARY‘, ‘server_uuid‘: ‘1230c8cb-00d7-11e4-8dac-0050568f7be4‘,‘mode‘: ‘READ_WRITE‘, ‘weight‘: 1.0, ‘address‘:‘mysqlfabric.localdomain:3003‘}]
activities =
}
l 查看my_group组MySQL服务健康状态信息：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric grouphealth my_group
Command :
{ success = True
return ={‘1230c8cb-00d7-11e4-8dac-0050568f7be4‘: {‘status‘: ‘PRIMARY‘, ‘is_alive‘:True, ‘threads‘: {}}, ‘be642e20-00d3-11e4-8d96-0050568f7be4‘: {‘status‘:‘SECONDARY‘, ‘is_alive‘: True, ‘threads‘: {}},‘c696a608-00d5-11e4-8da3-0050568f7be4‘: {‘status‘:
‘SECONDARY‘, ‘is_alive‘:True, ‘threads‘: {}}}
activities =
}
l 自动检测组内MySQL服务故障：
如果想在primary失败时，secondary能自动提升为primary，执行下面步骤：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric group activate my_group
Procedure :
{ uuid = 4ee1bd23-0fab-46f0-a336-9e4731117370,
finished = True,
success = True,
return = True,
activities =
}
【备注】如果不想让fabric自动检测故障，可以取消自动监控功能：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric group deactivate my_group
7. 故障测试
[[email protected] ~]# service mysql.3003 stop
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_group
Command :
{ success = True
return = [{‘status‘:‘SECONDARY‘, ‘server_uuid‘: ‘be642e20-00d3-11e4-8d96-0050568f7be4‘, ‘mode‘:‘READ_ONLY‘, ‘weight‘: 1.0, ‘address‘: ‘mysqlfabric.localdomain:3001‘},
{‘status‘: ‘PRIMARY‘, ‘server_uuid‘:‘c696a608-00d5-11e4-8da3-0050568f7be4‘, ‘mode‘: ‘READ_WRITE‘, ‘weight‘: 1.0,‘address‘: ‘mysqlfabric.localdomain:3002‘}, {‘status‘: ‘FAULTY‘,‘server_uuid‘: ‘1230c8cb-00d7-11e4-8dac-0050568f7be4‘,
‘mode‘: ‘READ_WRITE‘,‘weight‘: 1.0, ‘address‘: ‘mysqlfabric.localdomain:3003‘}]
activities =
}
说明已经把3002提升为primary
8. Mysqlfabric相关命令：
l 把一个MySQL服务移出组：
mysqlfabric group remove my_groupserver_uuid
如：
[[email protected] ~]#mysqlfabric groupremove my_group 1230c8cb-00d7-11e4-8dac-0050568f7be4
master不能被移出组，必须disablemaster后才可以移出：
mysqlfabric group demote my_group
l 删除组(组内已经没有MySQL服务)
mysqlfabric group destroy my_group
l 强制删除组（组内有MySQL服务）
mysqlfabric group destroy my_group --force
奋斗的路非常幸苦，部署到此介绍，再接再厉。。。。
MySQL Fabric部署