Given a binary search tree, write a function kthSmallest
to find the kth
smallest element in it.
Note:
You may assume k is always valid, 1 ≤ k ≤ BST‘s total elements.
直观地一想,查找第k小的数,不就是遍历到第k个数吗?所以中序遍历很容易想到,如下:
/** * Definition for a binary tree node. * struct TreeNode { * int val; * TreeNode *left; * TreeNode *right; * TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {} * }; */ class Solution { public: int kthSmallest(TreeNode* root, int k) { stack<TreeNode*> nodeStack; TreeNode* tmp=root; int kthMin = 0; int kthValue; while ((!nodeStack.empty() || tmp!=NULL) && kthMin!=k) { while (tmp != NULL) { nodeStack.push(tmp); tmp = tmp->left; } tmp = nodeStack.top(); nodeStack.pop(); kthMin++;//对中序遍历稍加修改 kthValue = tmp->val; tmp = tmp->right; } return kthValue; } };
另外,看了一下网友的解答,非常巧妙。他是先统计左子树上节点个数,如果节点个数小于k,则在右子树上找第k-n-1小的数,如果刚为k则就是当前节点,如果大于k,则继续在左子树上找第k小的数。不过,每次递归都要统计一次节点个数,会不会导致复杂度增加?
int kthSmallest(TreeNode* root, int k) { if (!root) return 0; if (k==0) return root->val; int n=count_size(root->left); if (k==n+1) return root->val; if (n>=k){ return kthSmallest(root->left, k); } if (n<k){ return kthSmallest(root->right, k-n-1); } } int count_size(TreeNode* root){ if (!root) return 0; return 1+count_size(root->left)+count_size(root->right); }
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时间: 2024-11-06 03:34:13