刚刚在敲代码,需要获取当前的时间,来总结下Java Calendar的使用:
The java.util.calendar class is an abstract class that provides methods for converting between a specific instant in time and a set of calendar fields such as YEAR, MONTH, DAY_OF_MONTH, HOUR, and so on, and for manipulating the calendar fields, such as getting the date of the next week.Following are the important points about Calendar
API 文档上给的官方解释:
java.util.Calendar类是一个抽象类,在某一特定的瞬间或日历上,提供年、月、日、小时之间的转换提供方法。
只要来眼界下Calendar中的常量(filed)的作用
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); cal.get(Calendar.DATE);//-----------------------当天 1-31 cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);//---------------当天 1-31 cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);//----------------从星期天开始计算,如果今天星期二,那么返回3 cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);//---------------- cal.get(Calendar.HOUR);//-----------------------12小时制 cal.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);//----------------24小时制,一般使用这个属性赋值 cal.get(Calendar.MILLISECOND);//---------------- cal.get(Calendar.MINUTE);//--------------------- cal.get(Calendar.SECOND);//--------------------- cal.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_MONTH);//-------------- cal.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR);//--------------- cal.get(Calendar.MONTH);//-----------------------月份获取需要 +1,那么,赋值时需要 -1
1.运用这些常量赋值,通过这些常量获取值,同样可以通过它进行赋值
2.赋值时,week与mooth是需要注意,week需要制定setFirstDayOfWeek,然而,月份则需要加减1
3.赋值时,一般采用年、月、日、时、分、秒
Calendar.YEAR 、Calendar.MONTH 、Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH、 Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY 、Calendar.MINUTE、 Calendar.SECON
主要赋值:
cal.set(Calendar.XXX, VVVV);//--------------------- 对以上每个字段(field)进行赋值,代码重复较大 cal.set(year,month,date,hour,minute,second);//----- 分别对字段(field)进行赋值,效率高
主要计算:
cal1.roll(Calendar.MONTH,3);//---------------------- 一般不使用,原因是该方法只在一个月里面循环计算,其大小不会超过该月最值 cal1.add(Calendar.YEAR,-1);//----------------------- 使用 XX_OF_XX 的field进行加减计算效果更佳,而且计算准确 cal1.add(field,value);//----------------------------
1.对于roll的计算,cal.roll(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH,32),虽然32已经超出了最大的可能31,但是cal实际是不会超出该月,而是把32减去该月天数之后,重新计算剩下的天数;
2。关于add的计算,cal1.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1); 如果当前为8-31,那么,加一个月的话就是9-30,这个才是真正的准确
取值语句:
cal.getMaximum(Calendar.DATE); cal.get(Calendar.DATE); cal.getMinimum(Calendar.DATE); cal.setTimeInMillis(cal.getTime().getTime()); cal.setTimeInMillis(new Date().getTime());
// 当天 public String getThisToday(){ SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,0); cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cal.set(Calendar.SECOND,0); String start = sdf.format(cal.getTime()); cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,23); cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 59); cal.set(Calendar.SECOND,59); String end = sdf.format(cal.getTime()); return start+"|"+end; }
// 本周 public String getThisWeekDate(){ SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Calendar ca = Calendar.getInstance(); ca.setFirstDayOfWeek(Calendar.MONDAY); ca.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK,Calendar.SUNDAY); ca.set(ca.get(Calendar.YEAR), ca.get(Calendar.MONTH),ca.get(Calendar.DATE),23,59,59); String end = sdf.format(ca.getTime()); ca.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK, Calendar.MONDAY); ca.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY,0); ca.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); ca.set(Calendar.SECOND,0); String start = sdf.format(ca.getTime()); return start+"|"+end; }
//本月日期段 public String getThisMonthDate(){ SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Calendar cc2 = Calendar.getInstance(); int maxMonthDay = cc2.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); cc2.set(cc2.get(Calendar.YEAR), cc2.get(Calendar.MONTH),maxMonthDay,23,59,59); String end = sdf.format(cc2.getTime()); cc2.set(cc2.get(Calendar.YEAR), cc2.get(Calendar.MONTH),1,0,0,0); String start = sdf.format(cc2.getTime()); return start+"|"+end; }