实验四 类与对象(封装、继承、多态等机制的使用)
实验内容:
1、 编写一个名为TwoDimensionalShape的抽象类,拥有属性area和circumference表示面积和周长,以及抽象方法getArea()和getCircumference(),用于获取面积和周长。
2、 编写Printable接口,包括一个抽象方法printShapeInfo,用于输出图形信息。
3、 分别编写Rectangle、Triangle、Circular三个类,用于描述矩形、三角形和圆形,要求继承于TwoDimensionalShap类,并实现Printable接口,每个图形有各自的构造方法,矩形有length和width字段表示长和宽,三角形有base、hypotenus1和hypotenus2字段表示底和两条斜边,圆形有radius字段表示半径,按几何常识实现父类中所定义的抽象方法,printShapeInfo方法要求能够输出:
(1) 图形的类型(使用getClass方法)
(2) 图形的基本数据(使用自定义toString方法,输出图形的字段,输出示例:宽3.0, 长4.0)
4、 编写一个名为ShapeDetector的类,拥有三个重载的detectShape方法,分别为detectShape(Rectangle r)、detectShape(Triangle t)、detectShape(Circular c),分别输出所接收到的图形的类型。
5、 编写Test类,创建一个名为Shapes的TwoDimensionalShape型数组,并创建Rectangle、Triangle、Circular的对象存储在该数组中,用foreach循环遍历该数组,使用detectShape方法输出该对象的图形类型,用printShapeInfo方法输出该对象的图形信息,然后分别用getArea和getCircumference方法输出面积及周长。
6、(可选)给三个图形的构造方法加上验证功能,保证所输入三角形三边能够组成三角形,圆形半径、矩形的长和宽为正实数。
要求:程序文件放置在合适的包中,保证程序有良好的组织性,在编写过程中尽量保证程序的良好封装性。
附:三角形面积公式 p=(a+b+c)/2 s=√p(p-a)(p-b)(p-c)
public class test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(10.0, 20.0);
Triangle t1 = new Triangle(3, 4, 5);
Circular c1 = new Circular(10);
ShapeDetector sd = new ShapeDetector();
TwoDimensionalShape[] Shape = { r1, t1, c1 };
for (TwoDimensionalShape tds : Shape) {
if (tds instanceof Rectangle) {
sd.detectShape((Rectangle) tds);
((Rectangle) tds).printShapeInfo();
;
}
if (tds instanceof Circular) {
sd.detectShape((Circular) tds);
((Circular) tds).printShapeInfo();
}
if (tds instanceof Triangle) {
sd.detectShape((Triangle) tds);
((Triangle) tds).printShapeInfo();
}
System.out.println("Area=" + tds.getArea());
System.out.println("Circumference=" + tds.getCircumference()+"\n");
}
}
}
abstract class TwoDimensionalShape {
double area, circumference;
public abstract double getArea();
public abstract double getCircumference();
}
interface Printable {
void printShapeInfo();
}
class Rectangle extends TwoDimensionalShape implements Printable {
double length, width;
Rectangle(double l, double w) {
this.length = l;
this.width = w;
}
public double getLength() {
return length;
}
public void setLength(double length) {
this.length = length;
}
public double getWidth() {
return width;
}
public void setWidth(double width) {
this.width = width;
}
public double getArea() {
return length * width;
}
public double getCircumference() {
return 2 * (length + width);
}
public String toString() {
return "length:" + length + " width:" + width;
}
public void printShapeInfo() {
System.out.println("this is a " + getClass());
System.out.println(toString());
}
}
class Triangle extends TwoDimensionalShape implements Printable {
double base, hypotenus1, hypotenus2;
Triangle(double b, double h1, double h2) {
this.base = b;
this.hypotenus1 = h1;
this.hypotenus2 = h2;
}
public double getBase() {
return base;
}
public void setBase(double base) {
this.base = base;
}
public double getHypotenus1() {
return hypotenus1;
}
public void setHypotenus1(double hypotenus1) {
this.hypotenus1 = hypotenus1;
}
public double getHypotenus2() {
return hypotenus2;
}
public void setHypotenus2(double hypotenus2) {
this.hypotenus2 = hypotenus2;
}
public double getArea() {
double p = (base + hypotenus1 + hypotenus2) / 2;
double s = Math.sqrt(p * (p - base) * (p - hypotenus1) * (p - hypotenus2));
return s;
}
public double getCircumference() {
return base + hypotenus1 + hypotenus2;
}
public String toString() {
return "base:" + base + " hypotenus1:" + hypotenus1 + " hypotenus2:" + hypotenus2;
}
public void printShapeInfo() {
System.out.println("this is a " + getClass());
System.out.println(toString());
}
}
class Circular extends TwoDimensionalShape implements Printable {
double radius;
Circular(double r) {
this.radius = r;
}
public double getRadius() {
return radius;
}
public void setRadius(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
public double getArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
public double getCircumference() {
return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
}
public String toString() {
return "radius:" + radius;
}
public void printShapeInfo() {
System.out.println("this is a " + getClass());
System.out.println(toString());
}
}
class ShapeDetector {
public void detectShape(Rectangle r) {
System.out.println(r.getClass());
}
public void detectShape(Triangle t) {
System.out.println(t.getClass());
}
public void detectShape(Circular c) {
System.out.println(c.getClass());
}
}
此代码中把所有的主类和接口均写在了一个文件中,方便贴出来,如有需要请在eclipse中分别创建文件分别写这些类
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Numblzw/p/10817417.html